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DBMS > Elasticsearch vs. Firebase Realtime Database vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. MonetDB

System Properties Comparison Elasticsearch vs. Firebase Realtime Database vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. MonetDB

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameElasticsearch  Xexclude from comparisonFirebase Realtime Database  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Data Explorer  Xexclude from comparisonMonetDB  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionA distributed, RESTful modern search and analytics engine based on Apache Lucene infoElasticsearch lets you perform and combine many types of searches such as structured, unstructured, geo, and metricCloud-hosted realtime document store. iOS, Android, and JavaScript clients share one Realtime Database instance and automatically receive updates with the newest data.Fully managed big data interactive analytics platformA relational database management system that stores data in columns
Primary database modelSearch engineDocument storeRelational DBMS infocolumn orientedRelational DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument store
Spatial DBMS
Vector DBMS
Document store infoIf a column is of type dynamic docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-types/­dynamic then it's possible to add arbitrary JSON documents in this cell
Event Store infothis is the general usage pattern at Microsoft. Billing, Logs, Telemetry events are stored in ADX and the state of an individual entity is defined by the arg_max(timestamps)
Spatial DBMS
Search engine infosupport for complex search expressions docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­parseoperator FTS, Geospatial docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­geo-point-to-geohash-function distributed search -> ADX acts as a distributed search engine
Time Series DBMS infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorer/­time-series-analysis
Document store
Spatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score128.79
Rank#8  Overall
#1  Search engines
Score13.60
Rank#39  Overall
#6  Document stores
Score3.28
Rank#83  Overall
#45  Relational DBMS
Score1.72
Rank#135  Overall
#62  Relational DBMS
Websitewww.elastic.co/­elasticsearchfirebase.google.com/­products/­realtime-databaseazure.microsoft.com/­services/­data-explorerwww.monetdb.org
Technical documentationwww.elastic.co/­guide/­en/­elasticsearch/­reference/­current/­index.htmlfirebase.google.com/­docs/­databasedocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorerwww.monetdb.org/­Documentation
DeveloperElasticGoogle infoacquired by Google 2014MicrosoftMonetDB BV
Initial release2010201220192004
Current release8.6, January 2023cloud service with continuous releasesDec2023 (11.49), December 2023
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoElastic LicensecommercialcommercialOpen Source infoMozilla Public License 2.0
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenoyesyesno
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageJavaC
Server operating systemsAll OS with a Java VMhostedhostedFreeBSD
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows
Data schemeschema-free infoFlexible type definitions. Once a type is defined, it is persistentschema-freeFixed schema with schema-less datatypes (dynamic)yes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyes infobool, datetime, dynamic, guid, int, long, real, string, timespan, double: docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-typesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonoyes
Secondary indexesyes infoAll search fields are automatically indexedyesall fields are automatically indexedyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL-like query languagenoKusto Query Language (KQL), SQL subsetyes infoSQL 2003 with some extensions
APIs and other access methodsJava API
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
Android
iOS
JavaScript API
RESTful HTTP API
Microsoft SQL Server communication protocol (MS-TDS)
RESTful HTTP API
JDBC
native C library infoMAPI library (MonetDB application programming interface)
ODBC
Supported programming languages.Net
Groovy
Community Contributed Clients
Java
JavaScript
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Java
JavaScript
Objective-C
.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PowerShell
Python
R
C
C++
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyeslimited functionality with using 'rules'Yes, possible languages: KQL, Python, Ryes, in SQL, C, R
Triggersyes infoby using the 'percolation' featureCallbacks are triggered when data changesyes infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­management/­updatepolicyyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingSharding infoImplicit feature of the cloud serviceSharding via remote tables
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesyesyes infoImplicit feature of the cloud service. Replication either local, cross-facility or geo-redundant.none infoSource-replica replication available in experimental status
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsES-Hadoop ConnectornoSpark connector (open source): github.com/­Azure/­azure-kusto-sparkno
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual Consistency infoSynchronous doc based replication. Get by ID may show delays up to 1 sec. Configurable write consistency: one, quorum, allEventual Consistency infoif the client is offline
Immediate Consistency infoif the client is online
Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynononoyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanoyesnoACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.Memcached and Redis integrationno
User concepts infoAccess controlyes, based on authentication and database rulesAzure Active Directory Authenticationfine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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More resources
ElasticsearchFirebase Realtime DatabaseMicrosoft Azure Data ExplorerMonetDB
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