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DBMS > Elasticsearch vs. Firebase Realtime Database vs. Google Cloud Datastore

System Properties Comparison Elasticsearch vs. Firebase Realtime Database vs. Google Cloud Datastore

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameElasticsearch  Xexclude from comparisonFirebase Realtime Database  Xexclude from comparisonGoogle Cloud Datastore  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionA distributed, RESTful modern search and analytics engine based on Apache Lucene infoElasticsearch lets you perform and combine many types of searches such as structured, unstructured, geo, and metricCloud-hosted realtime document store. iOS, Android, and JavaScript clients share one Realtime Database instance and automatically receive updates with the newest data.Automatically scaling NoSQL Database as a Service (DBaaS) on the Google Cloud Platform
Primary database modelSearch engine
Vector DBMS
Document storeDocument store
Secondary database modelsDocument store
Spatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score123.81
Rank#9  Overall
#1  Search engines
#1  Vector DBMS
Score13.43
Rank#39  Overall
#6  Document stores
Score3.62
Rank#71  Overall
#12  Document stores
Websitewww.elastic.co/­elasticsearchfirebase.google.com/­products/­realtime-databasecloud.google.com/­datastore
Technical documentationwww.elastic.co/­guide/­en/­elasticsearch/­reference/­current/­index.htmlfirebase.google.com/­docs/­databasecloud.google.com/­datastore/­docs
DeveloperElasticGoogle infoacquired by Google 2014Google
Initial release201020122008
Current release8.6, January 2023
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoElastic Licensecommercialcommercial
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenoyesyes
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageJava
Server operating systemsAll OS with a Java VMhostedhosted
Data schemeschema-free infoFlexible type definitions. Once a type is defined, it is persistentschema-freeschema-free
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyes, details here
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonono
Secondary indexesyes infoAll search fields are automatically indexedyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL-like query languagenoSQL-like query language (GQL)
APIs and other access methodsJava API
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
Android
iOS
JavaScript API
RESTful HTTP API
gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
Supported programming languages.Net
Groovy
Community Contributed Clients
Java
JavaScript
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Java
JavaScript
Objective-C
.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyeslimited functionality with using 'rules'using Google App Engine
Triggersyes infoby using the 'percolation' featureCallbacks are triggered when data changesCallbacks using the Google Apps Engine
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingSharding
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesyesMulti-source replication using Paxos
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsES-Hadoop Connectornoyes infousing Google Cloud Dataflow
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual Consistency infoSynchronous doc based replication. Get by ID may show delays up to 1 sec. Configurable write consistency: one, quorum, allEventual Consistency infoif the client is offline
Immediate Consistency infoif the client is online
Immediate Consistency or Eventual Consistency depending on type of query and configuration infoStrong Consistency is default for entity lookups and queries within an Entity Group (but can instead be made eventually consistent). Other queries are always eventual consistent.
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynonoyes infovia ReferenceProperties or Ancestor paths
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanoyesACID infoSerializable Isolation within Transactions, Read Committed outside of Transactions
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.Memcached and Redis integrationno
User concepts infoAccess controlyes, based on authentication and database rulesAccess rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management (IAM)

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More resources
ElasticsearchFirebase Realtime DatabaseGoogle Cloud Datastore
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