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DBMS > Elasticsearch vs. Firebase Realtime Database vs. Google Cloud Bigtable vs. RethinkDB

System Properties Comparison Elasticsearch vs. Firebase Realtime Database vs. Google Cloud Bigtable vs. RethinkDB

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameElasticsearch  Xexclude from comparisonFirebase Realtime Database  Xexclude from comparisonGoogle Cloud Bigtable  Xexclude from comparisonRethinkDB  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionA distributed, RESTful modern search and analytics engine based on Apache Lucene infoElasticsearch lets you perform and combine many types of searches such as structured, unstructured, geo, and metricCloud-hosted realtime document store. iOS, Android, and JavaScript clients share one Realtime Database instance and automatically receive updates with the newest data.Google's NoSQL Big Data database service. It's the same database that powers many core Google services, including Search, Analytics, Maps, and Gmail.DBMS for the Web with a mechanism to push updated query results to applications in realtime.
Primary database modelSearch engineDocument storeKey-value store
Wide column store
Document store
Secondary database modelsDocument store
Spatial DBMS
Vector DBMS
Spatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score135.35
Rank#7  Overall
#1  Search engines
Score14.29
Rank#39  Overall
#6  Document stores
Score3.26
Rank#92  Overall
#13  Key-value stores
#8  Wide column stores
Score2.74
Rank#105  Overall
#19  Document stores
Websitewww.elastic.co/­elasticsearchfirebase.google.com/­products/­realtime-databasecloud.google.com/­bigtablerethinkdb.com
Technical documentationwww.elastic.co/­guide/­en/­elasticsearch/­reference/­current/­index.htmlfirebase.google.com/­docs/­databasecloud.google.com/­bigtable/­docsrethinkdb.com/­docs
DeveloperElasticGoogle infoacquired by Google 2014GoogleThe Linux Foundation infosince July 2017
Initial release2010201220152009
Current release8.6, January 20232.4.1, August 2020
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoElastic LicensecommercialcommercialOpen Source infoApache Version 2
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenoyesyesno
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageJavaC++
Server operating systemsAll OS with a Java VMhostedhostedLinux
OS X
Windows
Data schemeschema-free infoFlexible type definitions. Once a type is defined, it is persistentschema-freeschema-freeschema-free
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesnoyes infostring, binary, float, bool, date, geometry
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nononono
Secondary indexesyes infoAll search fields are automatically indexedyesnoyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL-like query languagenonono
APIs and other access methodsJava API
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
Android
iOS
JavaScript API
RESTful HTTP API
gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
HappyBase (Python library)
HBase compatible API (Java)
Supported programming languages.Net
Groovy
Community Contributed Clients
Java
JavaScript
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Java
JavaScript
Objective-C
C#
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
C infocommunity-supported driver
C# infocommunity-supported driver
C++ infocommunity-supported driver
Clojure infocommunity-supported driver
Dart infocommunity-supported driver
Erlang infocommunity-supported driver
Go infocommunity-supported driver
Haskell infocommunity-supported driver
Java infoofficial driver
JavaScript (Node.js) infoofficial driver
Lisp infocommunity-supported driver
Lua infocommunity-supported driver
Objective-C infocommunity-supported driver
Perl infocommunity-supported driver
PHP infocommunity-supported driver
Python infoofficial driver
Ruby infoofficial driver
Scala infocommunity-supported driver
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyeslimited functionality with using 'rules'no
Triggersyes infoby using the 'percolation' featureCallbacks are triggered when data changesnoClient-side triggers through changefeeds
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingShardingSharding inforange based
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesyesInternal replication in Colossus, and regional replication between two clusters in different zonesSource-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsES-Hadoop Connectornoyesyes
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual Consistency infoSynchronous doc based replication. Get by ID may show delays up to 1 sec. Configurable write consistency: one, quorum, allEventual Consistency infoif the client is offline
Immediate Consistency infoif the client is online
Immediate consistency (for a single cluster), Eventual consistency (for two or more replicated clusters)Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynononono
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanoyesAtomic single-row operationsAtomic single-document operations
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes infoMVCC based
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.Memcached and Redis integrationnono
User concepts infoAccess controlyes, based on authentication and database rulesAccess rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management (IAM)yes infousers and table-level permissions

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More resources
ElasticsearchFirebase Realtime DatabaseGoogle Cloud BigtableRethinkDB
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