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DBMS > EXASOL vs. Kinetica vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. Microsoft Azure Synapse Analytics vs. RDF4J

System Properties Comparison EXASOL vs. Kinetica vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. Microsoft Azure Synapse Analytics vs. RDF4J

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameEXASOL  Xexclude from comparisonKinetica  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Data Explorer  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Synapse Analytics infopreviously named Azure SQL Data Warehouse  Xexclude from comparisonRDF4J infoformerly known as Sesame  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionHigh-performance, in-memory, MPP database specifically designed for in-memory analytics.Fully vectorized database across both GPUs and CPUsFully managed big data interactive analytics platformElastic, large scale data warehouse service leveraging the broad eco-system of SQL ServerRDF4J is a Java framework for processing RDF data, supporting both memory-based and a disk-based storage.
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMSRelational DBMS infocolumn orientedRelational DBMSRDF store
Secondary database modelsSpatial DBMS
Time Series DBMS
Document store infoIf a column is of type dynamic docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-types/­dynamic then it's possible to add arbitrary JSON documents in this cell
Event Store infothis is the general usage pattern at Microsoft. Billing, Logs, Telemetry events are stored in ADX and the state of an individual entity is defined by the arg_max(timestamps)
Spatial DBMS
Search engine infosupport for complex search expressions docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­parseoperator FTS, Geospatial docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­geo-point-to-geohash-function distributed search -> ADX acts as a distributed search engine
Time Series DBMS infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorer/­time-series-analysis
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score1.99
Rank#124  Overall
#58  Relational DBMS
Score0.64
Rank#236  Overall
#109  Relational DBMS
Score4.38
Rank#77  Overall
#41  Relational DBMS
Score20.56
Rank#31  Overall
#19  Relational DBMS
Score0.69
Rank#230  Overall
#9  RDF stores
Websitewww.exasol.comwww.kinetica.comazure.microsoft.com/­services/­data-explorerazure.microsoft.com/­services/­synapse-analyticsrdf4j.org
Technical documentationwww.exasol.com/­resourcesdocs.kinetica.comdocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorerdocs.microsoft.com/­azure/­synapse-analyticsrdf4j.org/­documentation
DeveloperExasolKineticaMicrosoftMicrosoftSince 2016 officially forked into an Eclipse project, former developer was Aduna Software.
Initial release20002012201920162004
Current release7.1, August 2021cloud service with continuous releases
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialcommercialcommercialcommercialOpen Source infoEclipse Distribution License (EDL), v1.0.
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonoyesyesno
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageC, C++C++Java
Server operating systemsLinuxhostedhostedLinux
OS X
Unix
Windows
Data schemeyesyesFixed schema with schema-less datatypes (dynamic)yesyes infoRDF Schemas
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyes infobool, datetime, dynamic, guid, int, long, real, string, timespan, double: docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-typesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonoyesno
Secondary indexesyesyesall fields are automatically indexedyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyesSQL-like DML and DDL statementsKusto Query Language (KQL), SQL subsetyesno
APIs and other access methods.Net
JDBC
ODBC
WebSocket
JDBC
ODBC
RESTful HTTP API
Microsoft SQL Server communication protocol (MS-TDS)
RESTful HTTP API
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
Java API
RIO infoRDF Input/Output
Sail API
SeRQL infoSesame RDF Query Language
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SPARQL
Supported programming languagesJava
Lua
Python
R
C++
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PowerShell
Python
R
C#
Java
PHP
Java
PHP
Python
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresuser defined functionsuser defined functionsYes, possible languages: KQL, Python, RTransact SQLyes
Triggersyesyes infotriggers when inserted values for one or more columns fall within a specified rangeyes infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­management/­updatepolicynoyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingShardingSharding infoImplicit feature of the cloud serviceSharding, horizontal partitioningnone
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesSource-replica replicationyes infoImplicit feature of the cloud service. Replication either local, cross-facility or geo-redundant.yesnone
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyes infoHadoop integrationnoSpark connector (open source): github.com/­Azure/­azure-kusto-sparknono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency or Eventual Consistency depending on configurationEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesyesnono infodocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­synapse-analytics/­sql-data-warehouse/­sql-data-warehouse-table-constraints
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDnonoACIDACID infoIsolation support depends on the API used
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes infoin-memory storage is supported as well
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yesyes infoGPU vRAM or System RAMno
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users, groups and roles according to SQL-standardAccess rights for users and roles on table levelAzure Active Directory Authenticationyesno

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More resources
EXASOLKineticaMicrosoft Azure Data ExplorerMicrosoft Azure Synapse Analytics infopreviously named Azure SQL Data WarehouseRDF4J infoformerly known as Sesame
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