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DBMS > EXASOL vs. Ingres vs. IRONdb vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. RDF4J

System Properties Comparison EXASOL vs. Ingres vs. IRONdb vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. RDF4J

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameEXASOL  Xexclude from comparisonIngres  Xexclude from comparisonIRONdb  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Data Explorer  Xexclude from comparisonRDF4J infoformerly known as Sesame  Xexclude from comparison
IRONdb seems to be discontinued. Therefore it is excluded from the DB-Engines Ranking.
DescriptionHigh-performance, in-memory, MPP database specifically designed for in-memory analytics.Well established RDBMSA distributed Time Series DBMS with a focus on scalability, fault tolerance and operational simplicityFully managed big data interactive analytics platformRDF4J is a Java framework for processing RDF data, supporting both memory-based and a disk-based storage.
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMSTime Series DBMSRelational DBMS infocolumn orientedRDF store
Secondary database modelsDocument store infoIf a column is of type dynamic docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-types/­dynamic then it's possible to add arbitrary JSON documents in this cell
Event Store infothis is the general usage pattern at Microsoft. Billing, Logs, Telemetry events are stored in ADX and the state of an individual entity is defined by the arg_max(timestamps)
Spatial DBMS
Search engine infosupport for complex search expressions docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­parseoperator FTS, Geospatial docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­geo-point-to-geohash-function distributed search -> ADX acts as a distributed search engine
Time Series DBMS infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorer/­time-series-analysis
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.25
Rank#120  Overall
#57  Relational DBMS
Score4.67
Rank#77  Overall
#42  Relational DBMS
Score5.16
Rank#69  Overall
#37  Relational DBMS
Score0.71
Rank#231  Overall
#9  RDF stores
Websitewww.exasol.comwww.actian.com/­databases/­ingreswww.circonus.com/solutions/time-series-database/azure.microsoft.com/­services/­data-explorerrdf4j.org
Technical documentationwww.exasol.com/­resourcesdocs.actian.com/­ingresdocs.circonus.com/irondb/category/getting-starteddocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorerrdf4j.org/­documentation
DeveloperExasolActian CorporationCirconus LLC.MicrosoftSince 2016 officially forked into an Eclipse project, former developer was Aduna Software.
Initial release20001974 infooriginally developed at University Berkely in early 1970s201720192004
Current release11.2, May 2022V0.10.20, January 2018cloud service with continuous releases
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialcommercialcommercialcommercialOpen Source infoEclipse Distribution License (EDL), v1.0.
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenononoyesno
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageCC and C++Java
Server operating systemsAIX
HP Open VMS
HP-UX
Linux
Solaris
Windows
LinuxhostedLinux
OS X
Unix
Windows
Data schemeyesyesschema-freeFixed schema with schema-less datatypes (dynamic)yes infoRDF Schemas
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyes infotext, numeric, histogramsyes infobool, datetime, dynamic, guid, int, long, real, string, timespan, double: docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-typesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nono infobut tools for importing/exporting data from/to XML-files availablenoyes
Secondary indexesyesyesnoall fields are automatically indexedyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyesyesSQL-like query language (Circonus Analytics Query Language: CAQL)Kusto Query Language (KQL), SQL subsetno
APIs and other access methods.Net
JDBC
ODBC
WebSocket
.NET Client API
JDBC
ODBC
proprietary protocol (OpenAPI)
HTTP APIMicrosoft SQL Server communication protocol (MS-TDS)
RESTful HTTP API
Java API
RIO infoRDF Input/Output
Sail API
SeRQL infoSesame RDF Query Language
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SPARQL
Supported programming languagesJava
Lua
Python
R
.Net
C
C++
Clojure
Erlang
Go
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
JavaScript (Node.js)
Lisp
Lua
Perl
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Rust
Scala
.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PowerShell
Python
R
Java
PHP
Python
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresuser defined functionsyesyes, in LuaYes, possible languages: KQL, Python, Ryes
Triggersyesyesnoyes infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­management/­updatepolicyyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardinghorizontal partitioning infoIngres Star to access multiple databases simultaneouslyAutomatic, metric affinity per nodeSharding infoImplicit feature of the cloud servicenone
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesIngres Replicatorconfigurable replication factor, datacenter awareyes infoImplicit feature of the cloud service. Replication either local, cross-facility or geo-redundant.none
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyes infoHadoop integrationnonoSpark connector (open source): github.com/­Azure/­azure-kusto-sparkno
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate consistency per node, eventual consistency across nodesEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesyesnono
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDnonoACID infoIsolation support depends on the API used
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyes infoMVCCyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes infoin-memory storage is supported as well
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yesnonono
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users, groups and roles according to SQL-standardfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardnoAzure Active Directory Authenticationno

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More resources
EXASOLIngresIRONdbMicrosoft Azure Data ExplorerRDF4J infoformerly known as Sesame
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