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DBMS > Elasticsearch vs. EXASOL vs. Google Cloud Spanner vs. IRONdb vs. RDF4J

System Properties Comparison Elasticsearch vs. EXASOL vs. Google Cloud Spanner vs. IRONdb vs. RDF4J

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameElasticsearch  Xexclude from comparisonEXASOL  Xexclude from comparisonGoogle Cloud Spanner  Xexclude from comparisonIRONdb  Xexclude from comparisonRDF4J infoformerly known as Sesame  Xexclude from comparison
IRONdb seems to be discontinued. Therefore it is excluded from the DB-Engines Ranking.
DescriptionA distributed, RESTful modern search and analytics engine based on Apache Lucene infoElasticsearch lets you perform and combine many types of searches such as structured, unstructured, geo, and metricHigh-performance, in-memory, MPP database specifically designed for in-memory analytics.A horizontally scalable, globally consistent, relational database service. It is the externalization of the core Google database that runs the biggest aspects of Google, like Ads and Google Play.A distributed Time Series DBMS with a focus on scalability, fault tolerance and operational simplicityRDF4J is a Java framework for processing RDF data, supporting both memory-based and a disk-based storage.
Primary database modelSearch engineRelational DBMSRelational DBMSTime Series DBMSRDF store
Secondary database modelsDocument store
Spatial DBMS
Vector DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score135.35
Rank#7  Overall
#1  Search engines
Score1.99
Rank#124  Overall
#58  Relational DBMS
Score2.89
Rank#103  Overall
#52  Relational DBMS
Score0.69
Rank#230  Overall
#9  RDF stores
Websitewww.elastic.co/­elasticsearchwww.exasol.comcloud.google.com/­spannerwww.circonus.com/solutions/time-series-database/rdf4j.org
Technical documentationwww.elastic.co/­guide/­en/­elasticsearch/­reference/­current/­index.htmlwww.exasol.com/­resourcescloud.google.com/­spanner/­docsdocs.circonus.com/irondb/category/getting-startedrdf4j.org/­documentation
DeveloperElasticExasolGoogleCirconus LLC.Since 2016 officially forked into an Eclipse project, former developer was Aduna Software.
Initial release20102000201720172004
Current release8.6, January 2023V0.10.20, January 2018
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoElastic LicensecommercialcommercialcommercialOpen Source infoEclipse Distribution License (EDL), v1.0.
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonoyesnono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageJavaC and C++Java
Server operating systemsAll OS with a Java VMhostedLinuxLinux
OS X
Unix
Windows
Data schemeschema-free infoFlexible type definitions. Once a type is defined, it is persistentyesyesschema-freeyes infoRDF Schemas
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyes infotext, numeric, histogramsyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nononono
Secondary indexesyes infoAll search fields are automatically indexedyesyesnoyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL-like query languageyesyes infoQuery statements complying to ANSI 2011SQL-like query language (Circonus Analytics Query Language: CAQL)no
APIs and other access methodsJava API
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
.Net
JDBC
ODBC
WebSocket
gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
JDBC infoAt present, JDBC supports read-only queries. No support for DDL or DML statements.
RESTful HTTP API
HTTP APIJava API
RIO infoRDF Input/Output
Sail API
SeRQL infoSesame RDF Query Language
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SPARQL
Supported programming languages.Net
Groovy
Community Contributed Clients
Java
JavaScript
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Java
Lua
Python
R
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
.Net
C
C++
Clojure
Erlang
Go
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
JavaScript (Node.js)
Lisp
Lua
Perl
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Rust
Scala
Java
PHP
Python
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesuser defined functionsnoyes, in Luayes
Triggersyes infoby using the 'percolation' featureyesnonoyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingShardingShardingAutomatic, metric affinity per nodenone
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesyesMulti-source replication with 3 replicas for regional instances.configurable replication factor, datacenter awarenone
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsES-Hadoop Connectoryes infoHadoop integrationyes infousing Google Cloud Dataflownono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual Consistency infoSynchronous doc based replication. Get by ID may show delays up to 1 sec. Configurable write consistency: one, quorum, allImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate consistency per node, eventual consistency across nodes
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynoyesyes infoby using interleaved tables, this features focuses more on performance improvements than on referential integrityno
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanoACIDACID infoStrict serializable isolationnoACID infoIsolation support depends on the API used
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes infoin-memory storage is supported as well
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.Memcached and Redis integrationyesnono
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users, groups and roles according to SQL-standardAccess rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management (IAM)nono

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More resources
ElasticsearchEXASOLGoogle Cloud SpannerIRONdbRDF4J infoformerly known as Sesame
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