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DBMS > Elasticsearch vs. EXASOL vs. GeoMesa vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer

System Properties Comparison Elasticsearch vs. EXASOL vs. GeoMesa vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameElasticsearch  Xexclude from comparisonEXASOL  Xexclude from comparisonGeoMesa  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Data Explorer  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionA distributed, RESTful modern search and analytics engine based on Apache Lucene infoElasticsearch lets you perform and combine many types of searches such as structured, unstructured, geo, and metricHigh-performance, in-memory, MPP database specifically designed for in-memory analytics.GeoMesa is a distributed spatio-temporal DBMS based on various systems as storage layer.Fully managed big data interactive analytics platform
Primary database modelSearch engineRelational DBMSSpatial DBMSRelational DBMS infocolumn oriented
Secondary database modelsDocument store
Spatial DBMS
Vector DBMS
Document store infoIf a column is of type dynamic docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-types/­dynamic then it's possible to add arbitrary JSON documents in this cell
Event Store infothis is the general usage pattern at Microsoft. Billing, Logs, Telemetry events are stored in ADX and the state of an individual entity is defined by the arg_max(timestamps)
Spatial DBMS
Search engine infosupport for complex search expressions docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­parseoperator FTS, Geospatial docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­geo-point-to-geohash-function distributed search -> ADX acts as a distributed search engine
Time Series DBMS infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorer/­time-series-analysis
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score135.35
Rank#7  Overall
#1  Search engines
Score1.99
Rank#124  Overall
#58  Relational DBMS
Score0.78
Rank#213  Overall
#4  Spatial DBMS
Score4.38
Rank#77  Overall
#41  Relational DBMS
Websitewww.elastic.co/­elasticsearchwww.exasol.comwww.geomesa.orgazure.microsoft.com/­services/­data-explorer
Technical documentationwww.elastic.co/­guide/­en/­elasticsearch/­reference/­current/­index.htmlwww.exasol.com/­resourceswww.geomesa.org/­documentation/­stable/­user/­index.htmldocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorer
DeveloperElasticExasolCCRi and othersMicrosoft
Initial release2010200020142019
Current release8.6, January 20234.0.5, February 2024cloud service with continuous releases
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoElastic LicensecommercialOpen Source infoApache License 2.0commercial
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenononoyes
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageJavaScala
Server operating systemsAll OS with a Java VMhosted
Data schemeschema-free infoFlexible type definitions. Once a type is defined, it is persistentyesyesFixed schema with schema-less datatypes (dynamic)
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyes infobool, datetime, dynamic, guid, int, long, real, string, timespan, double: docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-types
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nononoyes
Secondary indexesyes infoAll search fields are automatically indexedyesyesall fields are automatically indexed
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL-like query languageyesnoKusto Query Language (KQL), SQL subset
APIs and other access methodsJava API
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
.Net
JDBC
ODBC
WebSocket
Microsoft SQL Server communication protocol (MS-TDS)
RESTful HTTP API
Supported programming languages.Net
Groovy
Community Contributed Clients
Java
JavaScript
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Java
Lua
Python
R
.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PowerShell
Python
R
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesuser defined functionsnoYes, possible languages: KQL, Python, R
Triggersyes infoby using the 'percolation' featureyesnoyes infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­management/­updatepolicy
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingShardingdepending on storage layerSharding infoImplicit feature of the cloud service
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesyesdepending on storage layeryes infoImplicit feature of the cloud service. Replication either local, cross-facility or geo-redundant.
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsES-Hadoop Connectoryes infoHadoop integrationyesSpark connector (open source): github.com/­Azure/­azure-kusto-spark
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual Consistency infoSynchronous doc based replication. Get by ID may show delays up to 1 sec. Configurable write consistency: one, quorum, allImmediate Consistencydepending on storage layerEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynoyesnono
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanoACIDnono
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.Memcached and Redis integrationyesdepending on storage layerno
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users, groups and roles according to SQL-standardyes infodepending on the DBMS used for storageAzure Active Directory Authentication

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More resources
ElasticsearchEXASOLGeoMesaMicrosoft Azure Data Explorer
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