DBMS > DuckDB vs. SurrealDB vs. Trino

System Properties Comparison DuckDB vs. SurrealDB vs. Trino

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

An embeddable, in-process, column-oriented SQL OLAP RDBMS

A fully ACID transactional, developer-friendly, multi-model DBMS

Fast distributed SQL query engine for big data analytics. Forked from Presto and originally named PrestoSQL

Primary database model

Relational DBMS

Document store
Graph DBMS

Relational DBMS

Secondary database models

Document store
Key-value store
Spatial DBMS
Search engine
Time Series DBMS
Wide column store

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	7.44
Rank	#44	Overall
	#27	Relational DBMS

Score	1.08
Rank	#176	Overall
	#30	Document stores
	#16	Graph DBMS

Score	5.34
Rank	#60	Overall
	#34	Relational DBMS

Website

duckdb.org

surrealdb.com

trino.io

Technical documentation

duckdb.org/docs

surrealdb.com/docs

trino.io/broadcast
trino.io/docs/current

Developer

SurrealDB Ltd

Trino Software Foundation

Initial release

2018

2022

2012

2020 rebranded from PrestoSQL

Current release

1.0.0, June 2024

v1.5.0, May 2024

License

Commercial or Open Source

Open Source

MIT License

Open Source

Apache Version 2.0

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Implementation language

C++

Rust

Java

Server operating systems

server-less

Linux
macOS
Windows

Linux
macOS

for devlopment

Data scheme

yes

schema-free

yes

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

Secondary indexes

yes

depending on connected data-source

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

SQL-like query language

yes

APIs and other access methods

Arrow Database Connectivity (ADBC)
CLI Client
JDBC
ODBC

GraphQL
RESTful HTTP API
WebSocket

JDBC
RESTful HTTP API
Trino CLI

Supported programming languages

C
C#

3rd party driver
C++
Crystal

3rd party driver
Go

3rd party driver
Java
Lisp

3rd party driver
Python
R
Ruby

3rd party driver
Rust
Swift
Zig

3rd party driver

Deno
Go
JavaScript (Node.js)
Rust

Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
R
Ruby

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

yes, depending on connected data-source

Triggers

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

none

depending on connected data-source

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

none

depending on connected data-source

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

depending on connected data-source

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

depending on connected data-source

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

depending on connected data-source

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

User concepts

Access control

yes, based on authentication and database rules

SQL standard access control

More information provided by the system vendor

News

73: Wrapping Trino packages with a bow
9 April 2025

Core Principles and Design Practices of OLAP Engines
27 March 2025

72: Keeping the lake clean
17 March 2025

Twenty four
3 March 2025

71: Fake it real good
27 February 2025

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More resources

DB-Engines blog posts

DB-Engines shares Q1 2025 database industry rankings and top climbers: Snowflake and PostgreSQL trending
1 May 2025, DB-Engines

show all

Recent citations in the news

Hands-On Exploratory Data Analysis with DuckDB
10 May 2025, Packt

Streamlining access to tabular datasets stored in Amazon S3 Tables with DuckDB | Amazon Web Services
18 March 2025, Amazon Web Services

Analyzing JSON Data with DuckDB and SQL
1 May 2025, KDnuggets

Abusing DuckDB-WASM To Create Doom In SQL
23 April 2025, Hackaday

DuckDB project releases Local web UI, but not as open source
19 March 2025, devclass

provided by Google News

SurrealDB Launches Surreal Cloud, a Fully Managed Database Service That Tackles the Complexity Issues Faced by Developer Teams
7 December 2024, insideAI News

SurrealDB Empowers Developers to Build Applications with the Launch of SurrealDB University
15 October 2024, Business Wire

SurrealDB's Surreal Cloud debuts on AWS S3 for scalable multimodel database as a service
4 December 2024, siliconangle.com

SurrealDB is helping developers consolidate their databases
18 June 2024, TechCrunch

London-based SurrealDB secures over €18.6 million aiming to disrupt database technology
18 June 2024, EU-Startups

provided by Google News

How to Deploy MinIO and Trino with Kubernetes
23 May 2024, HackerNoon

A look at Presto, Trino SQL query engines
9 August 2022, TechTarget

The Perfect AI Storage: Trino From Facebook And Iceberg From Netflix?
30 April 2024, The Next Platform

Query big data with resilience using Trino in Amazon EMR with Amazon EC2 Spot Instances for less cost
4 October 2023, Amazon Web Services (AWS)

Trino turns 10: Starburst celebrates a decade of its open source query engine
11 August 2022, VentureBeat

provided by Google News

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