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DBMS > DuckDB vs. Spark SQL vs. TinkerGraph vs. XTDB

System Properties Comparison DuckDB vs. Spark SQL vs. TinkerGraph vs. XTDB

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameDuckDB  Xexclude from comparisonSpark SQL  Xexclude from comparisonTinkerGraph  Xexclude from comparisonXTDB infoformerly named Crux  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionAn embeddable, in-process, column-oriented SQL OLAP RDBMSSpark SQL is a component on top of 'Spark Core' for structured data processingA lightweight, in-memory graph engine that serves as a reference implementation of the TinkerPop3 APIA general purpose database with bitemporal SQL and Datalog and graph queries
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMSGraph DBMSDocument store
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score4.57
Rank#74  Overall
#40  Relational DBMS
Score18.96
Rank#33  Overall
#20  Relational DBMS
Score0.08
Rank#348  Overall
#35  Graph DBMS
Score0.11
Rank#343  Overall
#46  Document stores
Websiteduckdb.orgspark.apache.org/­sqltinkerpop.apache.org/­docs/­current/­reference/­#tinkergraph-gremlingithub.com/­xtdb/­xtdb
www.xtdb.com
Technical documentationduckdb.org/­docsspark.apache.org/­docs/­latest/­sql-programming-guide.htmlwww.xtdb.com/­docs
DeveloperApache Software FoundationJuxt Ltd.
Initial release2018201420092019
Current release0.10, February 20243.5.0 ( 2.13), September 20231.19, September 2021
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoMIT LicenseOpen Source infoApache 2.0Open Source infoApache 2.0Open Source infoMIT License
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageC++ScalaJavaClojure
Server operating systemsserver-lessLinux
OS X
Windows
All OS with a Java 8 (and higher) VM
Linux
Data schemeyesyesschema-freeschema-free
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyes, extensible-data-notation format
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nononono
Secondary indexesyesnonoyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyesSQL-like DML and DDL statementsnolimited SQL, making use of Apache Calcite
APIs and other access methodsArrow Database Connectivity (ADBC)
CLI Client
JDBC
ODBC
JDBC
ODBC
TinkerPop 3HTTP REST
JDBC
Supported programming languagesC
C# info3rd party driver
C++
Crystal info3rd party driver
Go info3rd party driver
Java
Lisp info3rd party driver
Python
R
Ruby info3rd party driver
Rust
Swift
Zig info3rd party driver
Java
Python
R
Scala
Groovy
Java
Clojure
Java
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnononono
Triggersnononono
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnoneyes, utilizing Spark Corenonenone
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesnonenonenoneyes, each node contains all data
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate Consistencynone
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynonoyes infoRelationships in graphsno
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDnonoACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)yesnoyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesoptionalyes, flexibel persistency by using storage technologies like Apache Kafka, RocksDB or LMDB
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yesnoyes
User concepts infoAccess controlnonono

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More resources
DuckDBSpark SQLTinkerGraphXTDB infoformerly named Crux
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