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DBMS > DuckDB vs. RavenDB vs. Spark SQL vs. SQL.JS vs. Stardog

System Properties Comparison DuckDB vs. RavenDB vs. Spark SQL vs. SQL.JS vs. Stardog

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameDuckDB  Xexclude from comparisonRavenDB  Xexclude from comparisonSpark SQL  Xexclude from comparisonSQL.JS  Xexclude from comparisonStardog  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionAn embeddable, in-process, column-oriented SQL OLAP RDBMSOpen Source Operational and Transactional Enterprise NoSQL Document DatabaseSpark SQL is a component on top of 'Spark Core' for structured data processingPort of SQLite to JavaScriptEnterprise Knowledge Graph platform and graph DBMS with high availability, high performance reasoning, and virtualization
Primary database modelRelational DBMSDocument storeRelational DBMSRelational DBMSGraph DBMS
RDF store
Secondary database modelsGraph DBMS
Spatial DBMS
Time Series DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score4.57
Rank#74  Overall
#40  Relational DBMS
Score2.92
Rank#101  Overall
#18  Document stores
Score18.96
Rank#33  Overall
#20  Relational DBMS
Score0.53
Rank#252  Overall
#116  Relational DBMS
Score2.02
Rank#123  Overall
#11  Graph DBMS
#6  RDF stores
Websiteduckdb.orgravendb.netspark.apache.org/­sqlsql.js.orgwww.stardog.com
Technical documentationduckdb.org/­docsravendb.net/­docsspark.apache.org/­docs/­latest/­sql-programming-guide.htmlsql.js.org/­documentation/­index.htmldocs.stardog.com
DeveloperHibernating RhinosApache Software FoundationAlon Zakai infoenhancements implemented by othersStardog-Union
Initial release20182010201420122010
Current release0.10, February 20245.4, July 20223.5.0 ( 2.13), September 20237.3.0, May 2020
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoMIT LicenseOpen Source infoAGPL version 3, commercial license availableOpen Source infoApache 2.0Open Sourcecommercial info60-day fully-featured trial license; 1-year fully-featured non-commercial use license for academics/students
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageC++C#ScalaJavaScriptJava
Server operating systemsserver-lessLinux
macOS
Raspberry Pi
Windows
Linux
OS X
Windows
server-less, requires a JavaScript environment (browser, Node.js)Linux
macOS
Windows
Data schemeyesschema-freeyesyesschema-free and OWL/RDFS-schema support
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesnoyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nononono infoImport/export of XML data possible
Secondary indexesyesyesnoyes infosupports real-time indexing in full-text and geospatial
SQL infoSupport of SQLyesSQL-like query language (RQL)SQL-like DML and DDL statementsyes infoSQL-92 is not fully supportedYes, compatible with all major SQL variants through dedicated BI/SQL Server
APIs and other access methodsArrow Database Connectivity (ADBC)
CLI Client
JDBC
ODBC
.NET Client API
F# Client API
Go Client API
Java Client API
NodeJS Client API
PHP Client API
Python Client API
RESTful HTTP API
JDBC
ODBC
JavaScript APIGraphQL query language
HTTP API
Jena RDF API
OWL
RDF4J API
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SNARL
SPARQL
Spring Data
Stardog Studio
TinkerPop 3
Supported programming languagesC
C# info3rd party driver
C++
Crystal info3rd party driver
Go info3rd party driver
Java
Lisp info3rd party driver
Python
R
Ruby info3rd party driver
Rust
Swift
Zig info3rd party driver
.Net
C#
F#
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Java
Python
R
Scala
JavaScript.Net
Clojure
Groovy
Java
JavaScript
Python
Ruby
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnoyesnonouser defined functions and aggregates, HTTP Server extensions in Java
Triggersnoyesnonoyes infovia event handlers
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnoneShardingyes, utilizing Spark Corenonenone
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesnoneMulti-source replicationnonenoneMulti-source replication in HA-Cluster
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnoyesnono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyDefault ACID transactions on the local node (eventually consistent across the cluster). Atomic operations with cluster-wide ACID transactions. Eventual consistency for indexes and full-text search indexes.noneImmediate Consistency in HA-Cluster
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynononoyesyes inforelationships in graphs
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACID, Cluster-wide transaction availablenoACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)yesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesno infoexcept by serializing a db to a fileyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yesnoyesyes
User concepts infoAccess controlnoAuthorization levels configured per client per databasenonoAccess rights for users and roles

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More resources
DuckDBRavenDBSpark SQLSQL.JSStardog
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