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DBMS > DuckDB vs. Microsoft Azure Synapse Analytics vs. Spark SQL

System Properties Comparison DuckDB vs. Microsoft Azure Synapse Analytics vs. Spark SQL

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameDuckDB  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Synapse Analytics infopreviously named Azure SQL Data Warehouse  Xexclude from comparisonSpark SQL  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionAn embeddable, in-process, column-oriented SQL OLAP RDBMSElastic, large scale data warehouse service leveraging the broad eco-system of SQL ServerSpark SQL is a component on top of 'Spark Core' for structured data processing
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMSRelational DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score4.57
Rank#74  Overall
#40  Relational DBMS
Score20.56
Rank#31  Overall
#19  Relational DBMS
Score18.96
Rank#33  Overall
#20  Relational DBMS
Websiteduckdb.orgazure.microsoft.com/­services/­synapse-analyticsspark.apache.org/­sql
Technical documentationduckdb.org/­docsdocs.microsoft.com/­azure/­synapse-analyticsspark.apache.org/­docs/­latest/­sql-programming-guide.html
DeveloperMicrosoftApache Software Foundation
Initial release201820162014
Current release0.10, February 20243.5.0 ( 2.13), September 2023
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoMIT LicensecommercialOpen Source infoApache 2.0
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenoyesno
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageC++C++Scala
Server operating systemsserver-lesshostedLinux
OS X
Windows
Data schemeyesyesyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonono
Secondary indexesyesyesno
SQL infoSupport of SQLyesyesSQL-like DML and DDL statements
APIs and other access methodsArrow Database Connectivity (ADBC)
CLI Client
JDBC
ODBC
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
JDBC
ODBC
Supported programming languagesC
C# info3rd party driver
C++
Crystal info3rd party driver
Go info3rd party driver
Java
Lisp info3rd party driver
Python
R
Ruby info3rd party driver
Rust
Swift
Zig info3rd party driver
C#
Java
PHP
Java
Python
R
Scala
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnoTransact SQLno
Triggersnonono
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnoneSharding, horizontal partitioningyes, utilizing Spark Core
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesnoneyesnone
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynono infodocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­synapse-analytics/­sql-data-warehouse/­sql-data-warehouse-table-constraintsno
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDno
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)yesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yesno
User concepts infoAccess controlnoyesno

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More resources
DuckDBMicrosoft Azure Synapse Analytics infopreviously named Azure SQL Data WarehouseSpark SQL
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My First Billion (of Rows) in DuckDB | by João Pedro | May, 2024
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