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DBMS > DuckDB vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. Sphinx vs. VelocityDB

System Properties Comparison DuckDB vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. Sphinx vs. VelocityDB

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameDuckDB  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Data Explorer  Xexclude from comparisonSphinx  Xexclude from comparisonVelocityDB  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionAn embeddable, in-process, column-oriented SQL OLAP RDBMSFully managed big data interactive analytics platformOpen source search engine for searching in data from different sources, e.g. relational databasesA .NET Object Database that can be embedded/distributed and extended to a graph data model (VelocityGraph)
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMS infocolumn orientedSearch engineGraph DBMS
Object oriented DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument store infoIf a column is of type dynamic docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-types/­dynamic then it's possible to add arbitrary JSON documents in this cell
Event Store infothis is the general usage pattern at Microsoft. Billing, Logs, Telemetry events are stored in ADX and the state of an individual entity is defined by the arg_max(timestamps)
Spatial DBMS
Search engine infosupport for complex search expressions docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­parseoperator FTS, Geospatial docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­geo-point-to-geohash-function distributed search -> ADX acts as a distributed search engine
Time Series DBMS infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorer/­time-series-analysis
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score4.63
Rank#69  Overall
#37  Relational DBMS
Score3.80
Rank#81  Overall
#43  Relational DBMS
Score5.95
Rank#55  Overall
#5  Search engines
Score0.11
Rank#354  Overall
#37  Graph DBMS
#15  Object oriented DBMS
Websiteduckdb.orgazure.microsoft.com/­services/­data-explorersphinxsearch.comvelocitydb.com
Technical documentationduckdb.org/­docsdocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorersphinxsearch.com/­docsvelocitydb.com/­UserGuide
DeveloperMicrosoftSphinx Technologies Inc.VelocityDB Inc
Initial release2018201920012011
Current release0.10, February 2024cloud service with continuous releases3.5.1, February 20237.x
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoMIT LicensecommercialOpen Source infoGPL version 2, commercial licence availablecommercial
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenoyesnono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageC++C++C#
Server operating systemsserver-lesshostedFreeBSD
Linux
NetBSD
OS X
Solaris
Windows
Any that supports .NET
Data schemeyesFixed schema with schema-less datatypes (dynamic)yesyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyes infobool, datetime, dynamic, guid, int, long, real, string, timespan, double: docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-typesnoyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.noyesno
Secondary indexesyesall fields are automatically indexedyes infofull-text index on all search fieldsyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyesKusto Query Language (KQL), SQL subsetSQL-like query language (SphinxQL)no
APIs and other access methodsArrow Database Connectivity (ADBC)
CLI Client
JDBC
ODBC
Microsoft SQL Server communication protocol (MS-TDS)
RESTful HTTP API
Proprietary protocol.Net
Supported programming languagesC
C# info3rd party driver
C++
Crystal info3rd party driver
Go info3rd party driver
Java
Lisp info3rd party driver
Python
R
Ruby info3rd party driver
Rust
Swift
Zig info3rd party driver
.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PowerShell
Python
R
C++ infounofficial client library
Java
Perl infounofficial client library
PHP
Python
Ruby infounofficial client library
.Net
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnoYes, possible languages: KQL, Python, Rnono
Triggersnoyes infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­management/­updatepolicynoCallbacks are triggered when data changes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnoneSharding infoImplicit feature of the cloud serviceSharding infoPartitioning is done manually, search queries against distributed index is supportedSharding
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesnoneyes infoImplicit feature of the cloud service. Replication either local, cross-facility or geo-redundant.none
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnoSpark connector (open source): github.com/­Azure/­azure-kusto-sparknono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynononono
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDnonoACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)yesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyes infoThe original contents of fields are not stored in the Sphinx index.yes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yesnoyes
User concepts infoAccess controlnoAzure Active Directory AuthenticationnoBased on Windows Authentication

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More resources
DuckDBMicrosoft Azure Data ExplorerSphinxVelocityDB
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