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DBMS > DuckDB vs. Microsoft Azure AI Search vs. SQL.JS vs. Stardog

System Properties Comparison DuckDB vs. Microsoft Azure AI Search vs. SQL.JS vs. Stardog

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameDuckDB  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure AI Search  Xexclude from comparisonSQL.JS  Xexclude from comparisonStardog  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionAn embeddable, in-process, column-oriented SQL OLAP RDBMSSearch-as-a-service for web and mobile app developmentPort of SQLite to JavaScriptEnterprise Knowledge Graph platform and graph DBMS with high availability, high performance reasoning, and virtualization
Primary database modelRelational DBMSSearch engineRelational DBMSGraph DBMS
RDF store
Secondary database modelsVector DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score4.57
Rank#74  Overall
#40  Relational DBMS
Score5.59
Rank#63  Overall
#7  Search engines
Score0.53
Rank#252  Overall
#116  Relational DBMS
Score2.02
Rank#123  Overall
#11  Graph DBMS
#6  RDF stores
Websiteduckdb.orgazure.microsoft.com/­en-us/­services/­searchsql.js.orgwww.stardog.com
Technical documentationduckdb.org/­docslearn.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­searchsql.js.org/­documentation/­index.htmldocs.stardog.com
DeveloperMicrosoftAlon Zakai infoenhancements implemented by othersStardog-Union
Initial release2018201520122010
Current release0.10, February 2024V17.3.0, May 2020
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoMIT LicensecommercialOpen Sourcecommercial info60-day fully-featured trial license; 1-year fully-featured non-commercial use license for academics/students
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenoyesnono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageC++JavaScriptJava
Server operating systemsserver-lesshostedserver-less, requires a JavaScript environment (browser, Node.js)Linux
macOS
Windows
Data schemeyesyesyesschema-free and OWL/RDFS-schema support
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nononono infoImport/export of XML data possible
Secondary indexesyesyesyes infosupports real-time indexing in full-text and geospatial
SQL infoSupport of SQLyesnoyes infoSQL-92 is not fully supportedYes, compatible with all major SQL variants through dedicated BI/SQL Server
APIs and other access methodsArrow Database Connectivity (ADBC)
CLI Client
JDBC
ODBC
RESTful HTTP APIJavaScript APIGraphQL query language
HTTP API
Jena RDF API
OWL
RDF4J API
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SNARL
SPARQL
Spring Data
Stardog Studio
TinkerPop 3
Supported programming languagesC
C# info3rd party driver
C++
Crystal info3rd party driver
Go info3rd party driver
Java
Lisp info3rd party driver
Python
R
Ruby info3rd party driver
Rust
Swift
Zig info3rd party driver
C#
Java
JavaScript
Python
JavaScript.Net
Clojure
Groovy
Java
JavaScript
Python
Ruby
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnononouser defined functions and aggregates, HTTP Server extensions in Java
Triggersnononoyes infovia event handlers
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnoneSharding infoImplicit feature of the cloud servicenonenone
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesnoneyes infoImplicit feature of the cloud servicenoneMulti-source replication in HA-Cluster
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnononono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencynoneImmediate Consistency in HA-Cluster
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynonoyesyes inforelationships in graphs
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDnoACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)yesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesno infoexcept by serializing a db to a fileyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yesnoyesyes
User concepts infoAccess controlnoyes infousing Azure authenticationnoAccess rights for users and roles

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More resources
DuckDBMicrosoft Azure AI SearchSQL.JSStardog
DB-Engines blog posts

New kids on the block: database management systems implemented in JavaScript
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