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DBMS > DuckDB vs. Linter vs. SurrealDB vs. Vertica

System Properties Comparison DuckDB vs. Linter vs. SurrealDB vs. Vertica

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameDuckDB  Xexclude from comparisonLinter  Xexclude from comparisonSurrealDB  Xexclude from comparisonVertica infoOpenText™ Vertica™  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionAn embeddable, in-process, column-oriented SQL OLAP RDBMSRDBMS for high security requirementsA fully ACID transactional, developer-friendly, multi-model DBMSCloud or off-cloud analytical database and query engine for structured and semi-structured streaming and batch data. Machine learning platform with built-in algorithms, data preparation capabilities, and model evaluation and management via SQL or Python.
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMSDocument store
Graph DBMS
Relational DBMS infoColumn oriented
Secondary database modelsSpatial DBMSSpatial DBMS
Time Series DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score7.44
Rank#44  Overall
#27  Relational DBMS
Score0.00
Rank#385  Overall
#157  Relational DBMS
Score1.08
Rank#176  Overall
#30  Document stores
#16  Graph DBMS
Score9.78
Rank#42  Overall
#26  Relational DBMS
Websiteduckdb.orglinter.rusurrealdb.comwww.vertica.com
Technical documentationduckdb.org/­docssurrealdb.com/­docsvertica.com/­documentation
Developerrelex.ruSurrealDB LtdOpenText infopreviously Micro Focus and Hewlett Packard
Initial release2018199020222005
Current release1.0.0, June 2024v1.5.0, May 202412.0.3, January 2023
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoMIT LicensecommercialOpen Sourcecommercial infoLimited community edition free
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenononono infoon-premises, all major clouds - Amazon AWS, Microsoft Azure, Google Cloud Platform and containers
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageC++C and C++RustC++
Server operating systemsserver-lessAIX
Android
BSD
HP Open VMS
iOS
Linux
OS X
VxWorks
Windows
Linux
macOS
Windows
Linux
Data schemeyesyesschema-freeYes, but also semi-structure/unstructured data storage, and complex hierarchical data (like Parquet) stored and/or queried.
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonono
Secondary indexesyesyesNo Indexes Required. Different internal optimization strategy, but same functionality included.
SQL infoSupport of SQLyesyesSQL-like query languageFull 1999 standard plus machine learning, time series and geospatial. Over 650 functions.
APIs and other access methodsArrow Database Connectivity (ADBC)
CLI Client
JDBC
ODBC
ADO.NET
JDBC
LINQ
ODBC
OLE DB
Oracle Call Interface (OCI)
GraphQL
RESTful HTTP API
WebSocket
ADO.NET
JDBC
Kafka Connector
ODBC
RESTful HTTP API
Spark Connector
vSQL infocharacter-based, interactive, front-end utility
Supported programming languagesC
C# info3rd party driver
C++
Crystal info3rd party driver
Go info3rd party driver
Java
Lisp info3rd party driver
Python
R
Ruby info3rd party driver
Rust
Swift
Zig info3rd party driver
C
C#
C++
Java
Perl
PHP
Python
Qt
Ruby
Tcl
Deno
Go
JavaScript (Node.js)
Rust
C#
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
R
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnoyes infoproprietary syntax with the possibility to convert from PL/SQLyes, PostgreSQL PL/pgSQL, with minor differences
Triggersnoyesyes, called Custom Alerts
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnonenonehorizontal partitioning, hierarchical partitioning
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesnoneSource-replica replicationMulti-source replication infoOne, or more copies of data replicated across nodes, or object-store used for repository.
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnononono infoBi-directional Spark integration
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynoyesyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)yesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yesno
User concepts infoAccess controlnofine grained access rights according to SQL-standardyes, based on authentication and database rulesfine grained access rights according to SQL-standard; supports Kerberos, LDAP, Ident and hash

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More resources
DuckDBLinterSurrealDBVertica infoOpenText™ Vertica™
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Hands-On Exploratory Data Analysis with DuckDB
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18 March 2025, Amazon Web Services (AWS)

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