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DBMS > DuckDB vs. HEAVY.AI vs. MarkLogic vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer

System Properties Comparison DuckDB vs. HEAVY.AI vs. MarkLogic vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameDuckDB  Xexclude from comparisonHEAVY.AI infoFormerly named 'OmniSci', rebranded to 'HEAVY.AI' in March 2022  Xexclude from comparisonMarkLogic  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Data Explorer  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionAn embeddable, in-process, column-oriented SQL OLAP RDBMSA high performance, column-oriented RDBMS, specifically developed to harness the massive parallelism of modern CPU and GPU hardwareOperational and transactional Enterprise NoSQL databaseFully managed big data interactive analytics platform
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMSDocument store
Native XML DBMS
RDF store infoas of version 7
Search engine
Relational DBMS infocolumn oriented
Secondary database modelsSpatial DBMSDocument store infoIf a column is of type dynamic docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-types/­dynamic then it's possible to add arbitrary JSON documents in this cell
Event Store infothis is the general usage pattern at Microsoft. Billing, Logs, Telemetry events are stored in ADX and the state of an individual entity is defined by the arg_max(timestamps)
Spatial DBMS
Search engine infosupport for complex search expressions docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­parseoperator FTS, Geospatial docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­geo-point-to-geohash-function distributed search -> ADX acts as a distributed search engine
Time Series DBMS infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorer/­time-series-analysis
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score4.63
Rank#69  Overall
#37  Relational DBMS
Score1.64
Rank#145  Overall
#67  Relational DBMS
Score5.18
Rank#63  Overall
#11  Document stores
#1  Native XML DBMS
#1  RDF stores
#7  Search engines
Score3.80
Rank#81  Overall
#43  Relational DBMS
Websiteduckdb.orggithub.com/­heavyai/­heavydb
www.heavy.ai
www.marklogic.comazure.microsoft.com/­services/­data-explorer
Technical documentationduckdb.org/­docsdocs.heavy.aidocs.marklogic.comdocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorer
DeveloperHEAVY.AI, Inc.MarkLogic Corp.Microsoft
Initial release2018201620012019
Current release0.10, February 20245.10, January 202211.0, December 2022cloud service with continuous releases
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoMIT LicenseOpen Source infoApache Version 2; enterprise edition availablecommercial inforestricted free version is availablecommercial
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenononoyes
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageC++C++ and CUDAC++
Server operating systemsserver-lessLinuxLinux
OS X
Windows
hosted
Data schemeyesyesschema-free infoSchema can be enforcedFixed schema with schema-less datatypes (dynamic)
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyes infobool, datetime, dynamic, guid, int, long, real, string, timespan, double: docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-types
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonoyesyes
Secondary indexesyesnoyesall fields are automatically indexed
SQL infoSupport of SQLyesyesyes infoSQL92Kusto Query Language (KQL), SQL subset
APIs and other access methodsArrow Database Connectivity (ADBC)
CLI Client
JDBC
ODBC
JDBC
ODBC
Thrift
Vega
Java API
Node.js Client API
ODBC
proprietary Optic API infoProprietary Query API, introduced with version 9
RESTful HTTP API
SPARQL
WebDAV
XDBC
XQuery
XSLT
Microsoft SQL Server communication protocol (MS-TDS)
RESTful HTTP API
Supported programming languagesC
C# info3rd party driver
C++
Crystal info3rd party driver
Go info3rd party driver
Java
Lisp info3rd party driver
Python
R
Ruby info3rd party driver
Rust
Swift
Zig info3rd party driver
All languages supporting JDBC/ODBC/Thrift
Python
C
C#
C++
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PowerShell
Python
R
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnonoyes infovia XQuery or JavaScriptYes, possible languages: KQL, Python, R
Triggersnonoyesyes infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­management/­updatepolicy
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnoneSharding infoRound robinShardingSharding infoImplicit feature of the cloud service
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesnoneMulti-source replicationyesyes infoImplicit feature of the cloud service. Replication either local, cross-facility or geo-redundant.
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonoyes infovia Hadoop Connector, HDFS Direct Access and in-database MapReduce jobsSpark connector (open source): github.com/­Azure/­azure-kusto-spark
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynononono
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDnoACID infocan act as a resource manager in an XA/JTA transactionno
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)yesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yesyesyes, with Range Indexesno
User concepts infoAccess controlnofine grained access rights according to SQL-standardRole-based access control at the document and subdocument levelsAzure Active Directory Authentication

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More resources
DuckDBHEAVY.AI infoFormerly named 'OmniSci', rebranded to 'HEAVY.AI' in March 2022MarkLogicMicrosoft Azure Data Explorer
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