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DBMS > DuckDB vs. H2 vs. IBM Cloudant vs. Prometheus vs. XTDB

System Properties Comparison DuckDB vs. H2 vs. IBM Cloudant vs. Prometheus vs. XTDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameDuckDB  Xexclude from comparisonH2  Xexclude from comparisonIBM Cloudant  Xexclude from comparisonPrometheus  Xexclude from comparisonXTDB infoformerly named Crux  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionAn embeddable, in-process, column-oriented SQL OLAP RDBMSFull-featured RDBMS with a small footprint, either embedded into a Java application or used as a database server.Database as a Service offering based on Apache CouchDBOpen-source Time Series DBMS and monitoring systemA general purpose database with bitemporal SQL and Datalog and graph queries
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMSDocument storeTime Series DBMSDocument store
Secondary database modelsSpatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score4.57
Rank#74  Overall
#40  Relational DBMS
Score8.13
Rank#49  Overall
#31  Relational DBMS
Score2.68
Rank#106  Overall
#20  Document stores
Score8.42
Rank#47  Overall
#2  Time Series DBMS
Score0.11
Rank#343  Overall
#46  Document stores
Websiteduckdb.orgwww.h2database.comwww.ibm.com/­products/­cloudantprometheus.iogithub.com/­xtdb/­xtdb
www.xtdb.com
Technical documentationduckdb.org/­docswww.h2database.com/­html/­main.htmlcloud.ibm.com/­docs/­Cloudantprometheus.io/­docswww.xtdb.com/­docs
DeveloperThomas MuellerIBM, Apache Software Foundation infoIBM acquired Cloudant in February 2014Juxt Ltd.
Initial release20182005201020152019
Current release0.10, February 20242.2.220, July 20231.19, September 2021
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoMIT LicenseOpen Source infodual-licence (Mozilla public license, Eclipse public license)commercialOpen Source infoApache 2.0Open Source infoMIT License
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonoyesnono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageC++JavaErlangGoClojure
Server operating systemsserver-lessAll OS with a Java VMhostedLinux
Windows
All OS with a Java 8 (and higher) VM
Linux
Data schemeyesyesschema-freeyesschema-free
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesnoNumeric data onlyyes, extensible-data-notation format
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nononono infoImport of XML data possibleno
Secondary indexesyesyesyesnoyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyesyesnonolimited SQL, making use of Apache Calcite
APIs and other access methodsArrow Database Connectivity (ADBC)
CLI Client
JDBC
ODBC
JDBC
ODBC
RESTful HTTP/JSON APIRESTful HTTP/JSON APIHTTP REST
JDBC
Supported programming languagesC
C# info3rd party driver
C++
Crystal info3rd party driver
Go info3rd party driver
Java
Lisp info3rd party driver
Python
R
Ruby info3rd party driver
Rust
Swift
Zig info3rd party driver
JavaC#
Java
JavaScript
Objective-C
PHP
Ruby
.Net
C++
Go
Haskell
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
Ruby
Clojure
Java
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnoJava Stored Procedures and User-Defined FunctionsView functions (Map-Reduce) in JavaScriptnono
Triggersnoyesyesnono
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnonenoneShardingShardingnone
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesnoneWith clustering: 2 database servers on different computers operate on identical copies of a databaseMulti-source replication
Source-replica replication
yes infoby Federationyes, each node contains all data
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonoyesnono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistencynone
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynoyesnonono
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDno infoatomic operations within a document possiblenoACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)yes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)yes infoOptimistic lockingyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes, flexibel persistency by using storage technologies like Apache Kafka, RocksDB or LMDB
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yesyesnono
User concepts infoAccess controlnofine grained access rights according to SQL-standardAccess rights for users can be defined per databaseno

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More resources
DuckDBH2IBM CloudantPrometheusXTDB infoformerly named Crux
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