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DBMS > DuckDB vs. Google Cloud Spanner vs. Spark SQL vs. UniData,UniVerse

System Properties Comparison DuckDB vs. Google Cloud Spanner vs. Spark SQL vs. UniData,UniVerse

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameDuckDB  Xexclude from comparisonGoogle Cloud Spanner  Xexclude from comparisonSpark SQL  Xexclude from comparisonUniData,UniVerse  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionAn embeddable, in-process, column-oriented SQL OLAP RDBMSA horizontally scalable, globally consistent, relational database service. It is the externalization of the core Google database that runs the biggest aspects of Google, like Ads and Google Play.Spark SQL is a component on top of 'Spark Core' for structured data processingMultiValue database and application server with SQL mapping layer and meta database capabilities
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMSRelational DBMSMultivalue DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score4.63
Rank#69  Overall
#37  Relational DBMS
Score2.84
Rank#100  Overall
#51  Relational DBMS
Score18.04
Rank#33  Overall
#20  Relational DBMS
Score2.85
Rank#98  Overall
#1  Multivalue DBMS
Websiteduckdb.orgcloud.google.com/­spannerspark.apache.org/­sqlwww.rocketsoftware.com/­products/­rocket-multivalue-application-development-platform/­rocket-unidata
Technical documentationduckdb.org/­docscloud.google.com/­spanner/­docsspark.apache.org/­docs/­latest/­sql-programming-guide.htmldocs.rocketsoftware.com/­bundle?cluster=true&labelkey=unidata&labelkey=prod_unidata
DeveloperGoogleApache Software FoundationRocket Software
Initial release2018201720141985
Current release1.0.0, June 20243.5.0 ( 2.13), September 2023
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoMIT LicensecommercialOpen Source infoApache 2.0commercial
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenoyesnono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageC++ScalaC
Server operating systemsserver-lesshostedLinux
OS X
Windows
AIX
HP-UX
Linux
Solaris
Windows
Data schemeyesyesyesschema-free
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesoptional
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonono
Secondary indexesyesyesnoyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyesyes infoQuery statements complying to ANSI 2011SQL-like DML and DDL statementsyes
APIs and other access methodsArrow Database Connectivity (ADBC)
CLI Client
JDBC
ODBC
gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
JDBC infoAt present, JDBC supports read-only queries. No support for DDL or DML statements.
RESTful HTTP API
JDBC
ODBC
Java API infoJPA
JDBC
ODBC
OLE DB
Proprietary protocol
RESTful HTTP API
SOAP-based API
Supported programming languagesC
C# info3rd party driver
C++
Crystal info3rd party driver
Go info3rd party driver
Java
Lisp info3rd party driver
Python
R
Ruby info3rd party driver
Rust
Swift
Zig info3rd party driver
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
Java
Python
R
Scala
.Net
Basic infoU2 Basic
C
Java
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnononoyes
Triggersnononoyes infoU2 Basic
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnoneShardingyes, utilizing Spark Corenone
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesnoneMulti-source replication with 3 replicas for regional instances.noneSource-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnoyes infousing Google Cloud Dataflowno
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynoyes infoby using interleaved tables, this features focuses more on performance improvements than on referential integritynono
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACID infoStrict serializable isolationnoACID infoconfigurable
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)yesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yesnono
User concepts infoAccess controlnoAccess rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management (IAM)noAccess rights according to SQL-standard and operating system based

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More resources
DuckDBGoogle Cloud SpannerSpark SQLUniData,UniVerse
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