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DBMS > DuckDB vs. Google Cloud Spanner vs. RDF4J vs. UniData,UniVerse

System Properties Comparison DuckDB vs. Google Cloud Spanner vs. RDF4J vs. UniData,UniVerse

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameDuckDB  Xexclude from comparisonGoogle Cloud Spanner  Xexclude from comparisonRDF4J infoformerly known as Sesame  Xexclude from comparisonUniData,UniVerse  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionAn embeddable, in-process, column-oriented SQL OLAP RDBMSA horizontally scalable, globally consistent, relational database service. It is the externalization of the core Google database that runs the biggest aspects of Google, like Ads and Google Play.RDF4J is a Java framework for processing RDF data, supporting both memory-based and a disk-based storage.MultiValue database and application server with SQL mapping layer and meta database capabilities
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMSRDF storeMultivalue DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score4.63
Rank#69  Overall
#37  Relational DBMS
Score2.84
Rank#100  Overall
#51  Relational DBMS
Score0.74
Rank#222  Overall
#9  RDF stores
Score2.85
Rank#98  Overall
#1  Multivalue DBMS
Websiteduckdb.orgcloud.google.com/­spannerrdf4j.orgwww.rocketsoftware.com/­products/­rocket-multivalue-application-development-platform/­rocket-unidata
Technical documentationduckdb.org/­docscloud.google.com/­spanner/­docsrdf4j.org/­documentationdocs.rocketsoftware.com/­bundle?cluster=true&labelkey=unidata&labelkey=prod_unidata
DeveloperGoogleSince 2016 officially forked into an Eclipse project, former developer was Aduna Software.Rocket Software
Initial release2018201720041985
Current release1.0.0, June 2024
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoMIT LicensecommercialOpen Source infoEclipse Distribution License (EDL), v1.0.commercial
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenoyesnono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageC++JavaC
Server operating systemsserver-lesshostedLinux
OS X
Unix
Windows
AIX
HP-UX
Linux
Solaris
Windows
Data schemeyesyesyes infoRDF Schemasschema-free
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesoptional
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nono
Secondary indexesyesyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyesyes infoQuery statements complying to ANSI 2011noyes
APIs and other access methodsArrow Database Connectivity (ADBC)
CLI Client
JDBC
ODBC
gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
JDBC infoAt present, JDBC supports read-only queries. No support for DDL or DML statements.
RESTful HTTP API
Java API
RIO infoRDF Input/Output
Sail API
SeRQL infoSesame RDF Query Language
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SPARQL
Java API infoJPA
JDBC
ODBC
OLE DB
Proprietary protocol
RESTful HTTP API
SOAP-based API
Supported programming languagesC
C# info3rd party driver
C++
Crystal info3rd party driver
Go info3rd party driver
Java
Lisp info3rd party driver
Python
R
Ruby info3rd party driver
Rust
Swift
Zig info3rd party driver
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
Java
PHP
Python
.Net
Basic infoU2 Basic
C
Java
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnonoyesyes
Triggersnonoyesyes infoU2 Basic
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnoneShardingnonenone
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesnoneMulti-source replication with 3 replicas for regional instances.noneSource-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnoyes infousing Google Cloud Dataflownono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynoyes infoby using interleaved tables, this features focuses more on performance improvements than on referential integrityno
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACID infoStrict serializable isolationACID infoIsolation support depends on the API usedACID infoconfigurable
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)yesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyes infoin-memory storage is supported as wellyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yesno
User concepts infoAccess controlnoAccess rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management (IAM)noAccess rights according to SQL-standard and operating system based

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More resources
DuckDBGoogle Cloud SpannerRDF4J infoformerly known as SesameUniData,UniVerse
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