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DBMS > DuckDB vs. Google Cloud Spanner vs. Microsoft Azure Table Storage vs. TigerGraph

System Properties Comparison DuckDB vs. Google Cloud Spanner vs. Microsoft Azure Table Storage vs. TigerGraph

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameDuckDB  Xexclude from comparisonGoogle Cloud Spanner  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Table Storage  Xexclude from comparisonTigerGraph  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionAn embeddable, in-process, column-oriented SQL OLAP RDBMSA horizontally scalable, globally consistent, relational database service. It is the externalization of the core Google database that runs the biggest aspects of Google, like Ads and Google Play.A Wide Column Store for rapid development using massive semi-structured datasetsA complete, distributed, parallel graph computing platform supporting web-scale data analytics in real-time
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMSWide column storeGraph DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score4.63
Rank#69  Overall
#37  Relational DBMS
Score2.84
Rank#100  Overall
#51  Relational DBMS
Score4.04
Rank#77  Overall
#6  Wide column stores
Score1.80
Rank#138  Overall
#13  Graph DBMS
Websiteduckdb.orgcloud.google.com/­spannerazure.microsoft.com/­en-us/­services/­storage/­tableswww.tigergraph.com
Technical documentationduckdb.org/­docscloud.google.com/­spanner/­docsdocs.tigergraph.com
DeveloperGoogleMicrosoft
Initial release2018201720122017
Current release1.0.0, June 2024
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoMIT Licensecommercialcommercialcommercial
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenoyesyesno
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageC++C++
Server operating systemsserver-lesshostedhostedLinux
Data schemeyesyesschema-freeyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nononono
Secondary indexesyesyesno
SQL infoSupport of SQLyesyes infoQuery statements complying to ANSI 2011noSQL-like query language (GSQL)
APIs and other access methodsArrow Database Connectivity (ADBC)
CLI Client
JDBC
ODBC
gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
JDBC infoAt present, JDBC supports read-only queries. No support for DDL or DML statements.
RESTful HTTP API
RESTful HTTP APIGSQL (TigerGraph Query Language)
Kafka
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
Supported programming languagesC
C# info3rd party driver
C++
Crystal info3rd party driver
Go info3rd party driver
Java
Lisp info3rd party driver
Python
R
Ruby info3rd party driver
Rust
Swift
Zig info3rd party driver
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
.Net
C#
C++
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
C++
Java
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnononoyes
Triggersnononono
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnoneShardingSharding infoImplicit feature of the cloud service
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesnoneMulti-source replication with 3 replicas for regional instances.yes infoimplicit feature of the cloud service. Replication either local, cross-facility or geo-redundant.
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnoyes infousing Google Cloud Dataflownoyes
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynoyes infoby using interleaved tables, this features focuses more on performance improvements than on referential integritynoyes infoRelationships in graphs
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACID infoStrict serializable isolationoptimistic lockingACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)yesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yesnonono
User concepts infoAccess controlnoAccess rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management (IAM)Access rights based on private key authentication or shared access signaturesRole-based access control

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More resources
DuckDBGoogle Cloud SpannerMicrosoft Azure Table StorageTigerGraph
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