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DBMS > DuckDB vs. Google Cloud Spanner vs. Microsoft Azure Synapse Analytics vs. Realm vs. SAP Advantage Database Server

System Properties Comparison DuckDB vs. Google Cloud Spanner vs. Microsoft Azure Synapse Analytics vs. Realm vs. SAP Advantage Database Server

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameDuckDB  Xexclude from comparisonGoogle Cloud Spanner  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Synapse Analytics infopreviously named Azure SQL Data Warehouse  Xexclude from comparisonRealm  Xexclude from comparisonSAP Advantage Database Server infoformer name: Sybase ADS  Xexclude from comparison
SAP Advantage Database Server seems to be discontinued. Therefore it is excluded from the DB-Engines Ranking.
DescriptionAn embeddable, in-process, column-oriented SQL OLAP RDBMSA horizontally scalable, globally consistent, relational database service. It is the externalization of the core Google database that runs the biggest aspects of Google, like Ads and Google Play.Elastic, large scale data warehouse service leveraging the broad eco-system of SQL ServerA DBMS built for use on mobile devices that’s a fast, easy to use alternative to SQLite and Core DataLow-cost RDBMS with access to ISAM and FoxPro data structures
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMSRelational DBMSDocument storeRelational DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score4.63
Rank#69  Overall
#37  Relational DBMS
Score2.84
Rank#100  Overall
#51  Relational DBMS
Score19.93
Rank#31  Overall
#19  Relational DBMS
Score7.41
Rank#52  Overall
#8  Document stores
Websiteduckdb.orgcloud.google.com/­spannerazure.microsoft.com/­services/­synapse-analyticsrealm.iowww.sap.com/products/advantage-database-server.html
Technical documentationduckdb.org/­docscloud.google.com/­spanner/­docsdocs.microsoft.com/­azure/­synapse-analyticsrealm.io/­docs
DeveloperGoogleMicrosoftRealm, acquired by MongoDB in May 2019Sybase, SAP
Initial release20182017201620141993
Current release1.0.0, June 2024
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoMIT LicensecommercialcommercialOpen Sourcecommercial
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenoyesyesnono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageC++C++
Server operating systemsserver-lesshostedhostedAndroid
Backend: server-less
iOS
Windows
Linux
Windows
Data schemeyesyesyesyesyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonononono
Secondary indexesyesyesyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyesyes infoQuery statements complying to ANSI 2011yesnoyes
APIs and other access methodsArrow Database Connectivity (ADBC)
CLI Client
JDBC
ODBC
gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
JDBC infoAt present, JDBC supports read-only queries. No support for DDL or DML statements.
RESTful HTTP API
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
.NET Client API
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
OLE DB
Supported programming languagesC
C# info3rd party driver
C++
Crystal info3rd party driver
Go info3rd party driver
Java
Lisp info3rd party driver
Python
R
Ruby info3rd party driver
Rust
Swift
Zig info3rd party driver
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
C#
Java
PHP
.Net
Java infowith Android only
Objective-C
React Native
Swift
Delphi
Perl
PHP
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnonoTransact SQLno inforuns within the applications so server-side scripts are unnecessaryyes
Triggersnononoyes infoChange Listenersyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnoneShardingSharding, horizontal partitioningnonenone
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesnoneMulti-source replication with 3 replicas for regional instances.yesnoneMulti-source replication infoCONFLICT Trigger to resolve replication conflicts
Source-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnoyes infousing Google Cloud Dataflownonono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynoyes infoby using interleaved tables, this features focuses more on performance improvements than on referential integrityno infodocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­synapse-analytics/­sql-data-warehouse/­sql-data-warehouse-table-constraintsnoyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACID infoStrict serializable isolationACIDACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)yesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yesnoyes infoIn-Memory realmno infocaching of (temporary) tables can be configured
User concepts infoAccess controlnoAccess rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management (IAM)yesyesfine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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More resources
DuckDBGoogle Cloud SpannerMicrosoft Azure Synapse Analytics infopreviously named Azure SQL Data WarehouseRealmSAP Advantage Database Server infoformer name: Sybase ADS
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