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DBMS > DuckDB vs. Google BigQuery vs. Microsoft Azure Synapse Analytics vs. openGemini vs. Snowflake

System Properties Comparison DuckDB vs. Google BigQuery vs. Microsoft Azure Synapse Analytics vs. openGemini vs. Snowflake

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameDuckDB  Xexclude from comparisonGoogle BigQuery  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Synapse Analytics infopreviously named Azure SQL Data Warehouse  Xexclude from comparisonopenGemini  Xexclude from comparisonSnowflake  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionAn embeddable, in-process, column-oriented SQL OLAP RDBMSLarge scale data warehouse service with append-only tablesElastic, large scale data warehouse service leveraging the broad eco-system of SQL ServerAn open source distributed Time Series DBMS with high concurrency, high performance, and high scalabilityCloud-based data warehousing service for structured and semi-structured data
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMSRelational DBMSTime Series DBMSRelational DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score5.61
Rank#60  Overall
#34  Relational DBMS
Score52.67
Rank#19  Overall
#13  Relational DBMS
Score18.98
Rank#31  Overall
#19  Relational DBMS
Score0.00
Rank#385  Overall
#40  Time Series DBMS
Score133.72
Rank#7  Overall
#5  Relational DBMS
Websiteduckdb.orgcloud.google.com/­bigqueryazure.microsoft.com/­services/­synapse-analyticswww.opengemini.org
github.com/­openGemini
www.snowflake.com
Technical documentationduckdb.org/­docscloud.google.com/­bigquery/­docsdocs.microsoft.com/­azure/­synapse-analyticsdocs.opengemini.org/­guidedocs.snowflake.net/­manuals/­index.html
DeveloperGoogleMicrosoftHuawei and openGemini communitySnowflake Computing Inc.
Initial release20182010201620222014
Current release1.0.0, June 20241.1, July 2023
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoMIT LicensecommercialcommercialOpen Source infoApache Version 2.0commercial
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenoyesyesnoyes
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageC++C++Go
Server operating systemsserver-lesshostedhostedLinux
Windows
hosted
Data schemeyesyesyesschema-freeyes infosupport of semi-structured data formats (JSON, XML, Avro)
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesInteger, Float, Boolean, Stringyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonononoyes
Secondary indexesyesnoyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyesyesyesSQL-like query languageyes
APIs and other access methodsArrow Database Connectivity (ADBC)
CLI Client
JDBC
ODBC
RESTful HTTP/JSON APIADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
HTTP RESTCLI Client
JDBC
ODBC
Supported programming languagesC
C# info3rd party driver
C++
Crystal info3rd party driver
Go info3rd party driver
Java
Lisp info3rd party driver
Python
R
Ruby info3rd party driver
Rust
Swift
Zig info3rd party driver
.Net
Java
JavaScript
Objective-C
PHP
Python
Ruby
C#
Java
PHP
C
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
Rust
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnouser defined functions infoin JavaScriptTransact SQLnouser defined functions
Triggersnonononono infosimilar concept for controling cloud resources
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnonenoneSharding, horizontal partitioningShardingyes
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesnoneyesyesyes
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonononono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynonono infodocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­synapse-analytics/­sql-data-warehouse/­sql-data-warehouse-table-constraintsnoyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDno infoSince BigQuery is designed for querying dataACIDnoACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)yesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yesnoyesno
User concepts infoAccess controlnoAccess privileges (owner, writer, reader) on dataset, table or view level infoGoogle Cloud Identity & Access Management (IAM)yesAdministrators and common users accountsUsers with fine-grained authorization concept, user roles and pluggable authentication

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More resources
DuckDBGoogle BigQueryMicrosoft Azure Synapse Analytics infopreviously named Azure SQL Data WarehouseopenGeminiSnowflake
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