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DBMS > DuckDB vs. Firebird vs. H2 vs. TypeDB

System Properties Comparison DuckDB vs. Firebird vs. H2 vs. TypeDB

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameDuckDB  Xexclude from comparisonFirebird  Xexclude from comparisonH2  Xexclude from comparisonTypeDB infoformerly named Grakn  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionAn embeddable, in-process, column-oriented SQL OLAP RDBMSFirebird is an open source RDBMS forked from Borland's InterBaseFull-featured RDBMS with a small footprint, either embedded into a Java application or used as a database server.TypeDB is a strongly-typed database with a rich and logical type system and TypeQL as its query language
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMSRelational DBMSGraph DBMS
Relational DBMS infoOften described as a 'hyper-relational' database, since it implements the 'Entity-Relationship Paradigm' to manage complex data structures and ontologies.
Secondary database modelsSpatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score4.57
Rank#74  Overall
#40  Relational DBMS
Score20.82
Rank#30  Overall
#18  Relational DBMS
Score8.13
Rank#49  Overall
#31  Relational DBMS
Score0.65
Rank#234  Overall
#20  Graph DBMS
#107  Relational DBMS
Websiteduckdb.orgwww.firebirdsql.orgwww.h2database.comtypedb.com
Technical documentationduckdb.org/­docswww.firebirdsql.org/­en/­reference-manualswww.h2database.com/­html/­main.htmltypedb.com/­docs
DeveloperFirebird FoundationThomas MuellerVaticle
Initial release20182000 infoAs fork of Borland's InterBase20052016
Current release0.10, February 20245.0.0, January 20242.2.220, July 20232.26.3, January 2024
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoMIT LicenseOpen Source infoInitial Developer's Public LicenseOpen Source infodual-licence (Mozilla public license, Eclipse public license)Open Source infoGPL Version 3, commercial licenses available
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageC++C and C++JavaJava
Server operating systemsserver-lessAIX
FreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
OS X
server-less infoFirebird Embedded Server
Solaris
Unix
Windows
All OS with a Java VMLinux
OS X
Windows
Data schemeyesyesyesyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonono
Secondary indexesyesyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyesyesyesno
APIs and other access methodsArrow Database Connectivity (ADBC)
CLI Client
JDBC
ODBC
ADO.NET
C/C++ API
JDBC infoJaybird
ODBC
OLE DB
JDBC
ODBC
gRPC protocol
TypeDB Console (shell)
TypeDB Studio (Visualisation software- previously TypeDB Workbase)
Supported programming languagesC
C# info3rd party driver
C++
Crystal info3rd party driver
Go info3rd party driver
Java
Lisp info3rd party driver
Python
R
Ruby info3rd party driver
Rust
Swift
Zig info3rd party driver
C
C#
C++
Delphi
Java
JavaScript infoNode.js
Lua
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
JavaAll JVM based languages
Groovy
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
Scala
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnoPSQLJava Stored Procedures and User-Defined Functionsno
Triggersnoyesyesno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnonenonenoneSharding infoby using Cassandra
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesnoneSource-replica replicationWith clustering: 2 database servers on different computers operate on identical copies of a databaseMulti-source replication infoby using Cassandra
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnononoyes infoby using Apache Kafka and Apache Zookeeper
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynoyesyesno infosubstituted by the relationship feature
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)yes infoFeatures a multi-generational MVCC architecture, readers do not block writersyes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)yes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yesyesno
User concepts infoAccess controlnoUsers with fine-grained authorization conceptfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardyes infoat REST API level; other APIs in progress
More information provided by the system vendor
DuckDBFirebirdH2TypeDB infoformerly named Grakn
Specific characteristicsTypeDB is a polymorphic database with a conceptual data model, a strong subtyping...
» more
Competitive advantagesTypeDB provides a new level of expressivity, extensibility, interoperability, and...
» more
Typical application scenariosLife sciences : TypeDB makes working with biological data much easier and accelerates...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsApache f or language drivers, and AGPL and Commercial for the database server. The...
» more

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More resources
DuckDBFirebirdH2TypeDB infoformerly named Grakn
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