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DBMS > DuckDB vs. Elasticsearch vs. Microsoft Azure Synapse Analytics vs. Oracle Rdb vs. Trafodion

System Properties Comparison DuckDB vs. Elasticsearch vs. Microsoft Azure Synapse Analytics vs. Oracle Rdb vs. Trafodion

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameDuckDB  Xexclude from comparisonElasticsearch  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Synapse Analytics infopreviously named Azure SQL Data Warehouse  Xexclude from comparisonOracle Rdb  Xexclude from comparisonTrafodion  Xexclude from comparison
Apache Trafodion has been retired in 2021. Therefore it is excluded from the DB-Engines Ranking.
DescriptionAn embeddable, in-process, column-oriented SQL OLAP RDBMSA distributed, RESTful modern search and analytics engine based on Apache Lucene infoElasticsearch lets you perform and combine many types of searches such as structured, unstructured, geo, and metricElastic, large scale data warehouse service leveraging the broad eco-system of SQL ServerTransactional SQL-on-Hadoop DBMS
Primary database modelRelational DBMSSearch engineRelational DBMSRelational DBMSRelational DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument store
Spatial DBMS
Vector DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score4.63
Rank#69  Overall
#37  Relational DBMS
Score132.83
Rank#7  Overall
#1  Search engines
Score19.93
Rank#31  Overall
#19  Relational DBMS
Score1.14
Rank#178  Overall
#80  Relational DBMS
Websiteduckdb.orgwww.elastic.co/­elasticsearchazure.microsoft.com/­services/­synapse-analyticswww.oracle.com/­database/­technologies/­related/­rdb.htmltrafodion.apache.org
Technical documentationduckdb.org/­docswww.elastic.co/­guide/­en/­elasticsearch/­reference/­current/­index.htmldocs.microsoft.com/­azure/­synapse-analyticswww.oracle.com/­database/­technologies/­related/­rdb-doc.htmltrafodion.apache.org/­documentation.html
DeveloperElasticMicrosoftOracle, originally developed by Digital Equipment Corporation (DEC)Apache Software Foundation, originally developed by HP
Initial release20182010201619842014
Current release1.0.0, June 20248.6, January 20237.4.1.1, 20212.3.0, February 2019
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoMIT LicenseOpen Source infoElastic LicensecommercialcommercialOpen Source infoApache 2.0
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonoyesnono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageC++JavaC++C++, Java
Server operating systemsserver-lessAll OS with a Java VMhostedHP Open VMSLinux
Data schemeyesschema-free infoFlexible type definitions. Once a type is defined, it is persistentyesFlexible Schema (defined schema, partial schema, schema free)yes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonononono
Secondary indexesyesyes infoAll search fields are automatically indexedyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyesSQL-like query languageyesyesyes
APIs and other access methodsArrow Database Connectivity (ADBC)
CLI Client
JDBC
ODBC
Java API
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
Supported programming languagesC
C# info3rd party driver
C++
Crystal info3rd party driver
Go info3rd party driver
Java
Lisp info3rd party driver
Python
R
Ruby info3rd party driver
Rust
Swift
Zig info3rd party driver
.Net
Groovy
Community Contributed Clients
Java
JavaScript
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
C#
Java
PHP
All languages supporting JDBC/ODBC/ADO.Net
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnoyesTransact SQLJava Stored Procedures
Triggersnoyes infoby using the 'percolation' featurenono
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnoneShardingSharding, horizontal partitioningSharding
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesnoneyesyesyes, via HBase
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnoES-Hadoop Connectornonoyes infovia user defined functions and HBase
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency infoSynchronous doc based replication. Get by ID may show delays up to 1 sec. Configurable write consistency: one, quorum, allImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynonono infodocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­synapse-analytics/­sql-data-warehouse/­sql-data-warehouse-table-constraintsyesyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDnoACIDyes, on a single nodeACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)yesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yesMemcached and Redis integrationnono
User concepts infoAccess controlnoyesfine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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More resources
DuckDBElasticsearchMicrosoft Azure Synapse Analytics infopreviously named Azure SQL Data WarehouseOracle RdbTrafodion
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