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DBMS > DuckDB vs. Elasticsearch vs. Lovefield vs. RDF4J

System Properties Comparison DuckDB vs. Elasticsearch vs. Lovefield vs. RDF4J

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameDuckDB  Xexclude from comparisonElasticsearch  Xexclude from comparisonLovefield  Xexclude from comparisonRDF4J infoformerly known as Sesame  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionAn embeddable, in-process, column-oriented SQL OLAP RDBMSA distributed, RESTful modern search and analytics engine based on Apache Lucene infoElasticsearch lets you perform and combine many types of searches such as structured, unstructured, geo, and metricEmbeddable relational database for web apps written in pure JavaScriptRDF4J is a Java framework for processing RDF data, supporting both memory-based and a disk-based storage.
Primary database modelRelational DBMSSearch engineRelational DBMSRDF store
Secondary database modelsDocument store
Spatial DBMS
Vector DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score4.57
Rank#74  Overall
#40  Relational DBMS
Score135.35
Rank#7  Overall
#1  Search engines
Score0.29
Rank#293  Overall
#133  Relational DBMS
Score0.69
Rank#230  Overall
#9  RDF stores
Websiteduckdb.orgwww.elastic.co/­elasticsearchgoogle.github.io/­lovefieldrdf4j.org
Technical documentationduckdb.org/­docswww.elastic.co/­guide/­en/­elasticsearch/­reference/­current/­index.htmlgithub.com/­google/­lovefield/­blob/­master/­docs/­spec_index.mdrdf4j.org/­documentation
DeveloperElasticGoogleSince 2016 officially forked into an Eclipse project, former developer was Aduna Software.
Initial release2018201020142004
Current release0.10, February 20248.6, January 20232.1.12, February 2017
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoMIT LicenseOpen Source infoElastic LicenseOpen Source infoApache 2.0Open Source infoEclipse Distribution License (EDL), v1.0.
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageC++JavaJavaScriptJava
Server operating systemsserver-lessAll OS with a Java VMserver-less, requires a JavaScript environment (browser, Node.js) infotested with Chrome, Firefox, IE, SafariLinux
OS X
Unix
Windows
Data schemeyesschema-free infoFlexible type definitions. Once a type is defined, it is persistentyesyes infoRDF Schemas
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonono
Secondary indexesyesyes infoAll search fields are automatically indexedyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyesSQL-like query languageSQL-like query language infovia JavaScript builder patternno
APIs and other access methodsArrow Database Connectivity (ADBC)
CLI Client
JDBC
ODBC
Java API
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
Java API
RIO infoRDF Input/Output
Sail API
SeRQL infoSesame RDF Query Language
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SPARQL
Supported programming languagesC
C# info3rd party driver
C++
Crystal info3rd party driver
Go info3rd party driver
Java
Lisp info3rd party driver
Python
R
Ruby info3rd party driver
Rust
Swift
Zig info3rd party driver
.Net
Groovy
Community Contributed Clients
Java
JavaScript
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
JavaScriptJava
PHP
Python
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnoyesnoyes
Triggersnoyes infoby using the 'percolation' featureUsing read-only observersyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnoneShardingnonenone
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesnoneyesnonenone
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnoES-Hadoop Connectornono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency infoSynchronous doc based replication. Get by ID may show delays up to 1 sec. Configurable write consistency: one, quorum, all
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynonoyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDnoACIDACID infoIsolation support depends on the API used
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)yesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyes, by using IndexedDB or the cloud service Firebase Realtime Databaseyes infoin-memory storage is supported as well
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yesMemcached and Redis integrationyes infousing MemoryDB
User concepts infoAccess controlnonono

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More resources
DuckDBElasticsearchLovefieldRDF4J infoformerly known as Sesame
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