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DBMS > DuckDB vs. EXASOL vs. SpaceTime vs. SQL.JS vs. Virtuoso

System Properties Comparison DuckDB vs. EXASOL vs. SpaceTime vs. SQL.JS vs. Virtuoso

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameDuckDB  Xexclude from comparisonEXASOL  Xexclude from comparisonSpaceTime  Xexclude from comparisonSQL.JS  Xexclude from comparisonVirtuoso  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionAn embeddable, in-process, column-oriented SQL OLAP RDBMSHigh-performance, in-memory, MPP database specifically designed for in-memory analytics.SpaceTime is a spatio-temporal DBMS with a focus on performance.Port of SQLite to JavaScriptVirtuoso is a multi-model hybrid-RDBMS that supports management of data represented as relational tables and/or property graphs
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMSSpatial DBMSRelational DBMSDocument store
Graph DBMS
Native XML DBMS
Relational DBMS
RDF store
Search engine
Secondary database modelsRelational DBMSSpatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score4.63
Rank#69  Overall
#37  Relational DBMS
Score1.76
Rank#139  Overall
#62  Relational DBMS
Score0.03
Rank#392  Overall
#8  Spatial DBMS
Score0.63
Rank#241  Overall
#112  Relational DBMS
Score4.27
Rank#73  Overall
#13  Document stores
#4  Graph DBMS
#2  Native XML DBMS
#39  Relational DBMS
#2  RDF stores
#9  Search engines
Websiteduckdb.orgwww.exasol.comwww.mireo.com/­spacetimesql.js.orgvirtuoso.openlinksw.com
Technical documentationduckdb.org/­docswww.exasol.com/­resourcessql.js.org/­documentation/­index.htmldocs.openlinksw.com/­virtuoso
DeveloperExasolMireoAlon Zakai infoenhancements implemented by othersOpenLink Software
Initial release20182000202020121998
Current release0.10, February 20247.2.11, September 2023
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoMIT LicensecommercialcommercialOpen SourceOpen Source infoGPLv2, extended commercial license available
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageC++C++JavaScriptC
Server operating systemsserver-lessLinuxserver-less, requires a JavaScript environment (browser, Node.js)AIX
FreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows
Data schemeyesyesyesyesyes infoSQL - Standard relational schema
RDF - Quad (S, P, O, G) or Triple (S, P, O)
XML - DTD, XML Schema
DAV - freeform filesystem objects, plus User Defined Types a/k/a Dynamic Extension Type
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonononoyes
Secondary indexesyesyesnoyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyesyesA subset of ANSI SQL is implementedyes infoSQL-92 is not fully supportedyes infoSQL-92, SQL-200x, SQL-3, SQLX
APIs and other access methodsArrow Database Connectivity (ADBC)
CLI Client
JDBC
ODBC
.Net
JDBC
ODBC
WebSocket
RESTful HTTP APIJavaScript APIADO.NET
GeoSPARQL
HTTP API
JDBC
Jena RDF API
ODBC
OLE DB
RDF4J API
RESTful HTTP API
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SOAP webservices
SPARQL 1.1
WebDAV
XPath
XQuery
XSLT
Supported programming languagesC
C# info3rd party driver
C++
Crystal info3rd party driver
Go info3rd party driver
Java
Lisp info3rd party driver
Python
R
Ruby info3rd party driver
Rust
Swift
Zig info3rd party driver
Java
Lua
Python
R
C#
C++
Python
JavaScript.Net
C
C#
C++
Java
JavaScript
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Visual Basic
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnouser defined functionsnonoyes infoVirtuoso PL
Triggersnoyesnonoyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnoneShardingFixed-grid hypercubesnoneyes
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesnoneReal-time block device replication (DRBD)noneChain, star, and bi-directional replication
Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnoyes infoHadoop integrationnonoyes
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencynoneImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynoyesnoyesyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDnoACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)yesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesno infoexcept by serializing a db to a fileyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yesyesnoyesyes
User concepts infoAccess controlnoAccess rights for users, groups and roles according to SQL-standardyesnoFine-grained Attribute-Based Access Control (ABAC) in addition to typical coarse-grained Role-Based Access Control (RBAC) according to SQL-standard. Pluggable authentication with supported standards (LDAP, Active Directory, Kerberos)
More information provided by the system vendor
DuckDBEXASOLSpaceTimeSQL.JSVirtuoso
Specific characteristicsVirtuoso is a modern multi-model RDBMS for managing data represented as tabular relations...
» more
Competitive advantagesPerformance & Scale — as exemplified by DBpedia and the LOD Cloud it spawned, i.e.,...
» more
Typical application scenariosUsed for — Analytics/BI Conceptual Data Virtualization Enterprise Knowledge Graphs...
» more
Key customersBroad use across enterprises and governments including — European Union (EU) US Government...
» more
Market metricsLargest installed-base ​of Multi-Model RDBMS for AI-friendly Knowledge Graphs Platform...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsAvailable in both Commercial Enterprise and Open Source (GPL v2) Editions Feature...
» more

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More resources
DuckDBEXASOLSpaceTimeSQL.JSVirtuoso
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