DBMS > Dgraph vs. RDF4J vs. SAP HANA vs. Spark SQL

System Properties Comparison Dgraph vs. RDF4J vs. SAP HANA vs. Spark SQL

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Distributed and scalable native Graph DBMS

RDF4J is a Java framework for processing RDF data, supporting both memory-based and a disk-based storage.

In-memory, column based data store. Available as appliance or cloud service

Spark SQL is a component on top of 'Spark Core' for structured data processing

Primary database model

Graph DBMS

RDF store

Relational DBMS

Secondary database models

Document store
Graph DBMS

with SAP Hana, Enterprise Edition
Spatial DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	1.53
Rank	#152	Overall
	#15	Graph DBMS

Score	0.74
Rank	#222	Overall
	#9	RDF stores

Score	44.27
Rank	#23	Overall
	#16	Relational DBMS

Score	18.04
Rank	#33	Overall
	#20	Relational DBMS

Website

dgraph.io

rdf4j.org

www.sap.com/products/hana.html

spark.apache.org/sql

Technical documentation

dgraph.io/docs

rdf4j.org/documentation

help.sap.com/hana

spark.apache.org/docs/latest/sql-programming-guide.html

Developer

Dgraph Labs, Inc.

Since 2016 officially forked into an Eclipse project, former developer was Aduna Software.

SAP

Apache Software Foundation

Initial release

2016

2004

2010

2014

Current release

2.0 SPS07 (April 4, 2023), April 2023

3.5.0 ( 2.13), September 2023

License

Commercial or Open Source

Open Source

Apache 2.0

Open Source

Eclipse Distribution License (EDL), v1.0.

commercial

Open Source

Apache 2.0

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

also available as a cloud based service

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

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Implementation language

Java

Scala

Server operating systems

Linux
OS X
Windows

Linux
OS X
Unix
Windows

Appliance or cloud-service

Linux
OS X
Windows

Data scheme

schema-free

yes

RDF Schemas

yes

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

Secondary indexes

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

SQL-like DML and DDL statements

APIs and other access methods

GraphQL query language
gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
HTTP API

Java API
RIO

RDF Input/Output
Sail API
SeRQL

Sesame RDF Query Language
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SPARQL

JDBC
ODBC

Supported programming languages

C#
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby

Java
PHP
Python

Java
Python
R
Scala

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

yes

SQLScript, R

Triggers

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

yes

none

yes

yes, utilizing Spark Core

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

Synchronous replication via Raft

none

yes

none

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

Isolation support depends on the API used

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

in-memory storage is supported as well

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

User concepts

Access control

Planned for future releases

yes

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