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DBMS > Dgraph vs. NuoDB vs. Trino vs. VictoriaMetrics vs. Virtuoso

System Properties Comparison Dgraph vs. NuoDB vs. Trino vs. VictoriaMetrics vs. Virtuoso

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameDgraph  Xexclude from comparisonNuoDB  Xexclude from comparisonTrino  Xexclude from comparisonVictoriaMetrics  Xexclude from comparisonVirtuoso  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionDistributed and scalable native Graph DBMSNuoDB is a webscale distributed database that supports SQL and ACID transactionsFast distributed SQL query engine for big data analytics. Forked from Presto and originally named PrestoSQLA fast, cost-effective and scalable Time Series DBMS and monitoring solutionVirtuoso is a multi-model hybrid-RDBMS that supports management of data represented as relational tables and/or property graphs
Primary database modelGraph DBMSRelational DBMSRelational DBMSTime Series DBMSDocument store
Graph DBMS
Native XML DBMS
Relational DBMS
RDF store
Search engine
Secondary database modelsDocument store
Key-value store
Spatial DBMS
Search engine
Time Series DBMS
Wide column store
Spatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score1.45
Rank#156  Overall
#15  Graph DBMS
Score0.89
Rank#198  Overall
#92  Relational DBMS
Score5.00
Rank#66  Overall
#36  Relational DBMS
Score1.32
Rank#162  Overall
#14  Time Series DBMS
Score4.26
Rank#78  Overall
#13  Document stores
#4  Graph DBMS
#2  Native XML DBMS
#42  Relational DBMS
#2  RDF stores
#9  Search engines
Websitedgraph.iowww.3ds.com/­nuodb-distributed-sql-databasetrino.iovictoriametrics.comvirtuoso.openlinksw.com
Technical documentationdgraph.io/­docsdoc.nuodb.comtrino.io/­broadcast
trino.io/­docs/­current
docs.victoriametrics.com
github.com/­VictoriaMetrics/­VictoriaMetrics/­wiki
docs.openlinksw.com/­virtuoso
Social network pagesLinkedInTwitterYouTubeGitHub
DeveloperDgraph Labs, Inc.Dassault Systèmes infooriginally NuoDB, Inc.Trino Software FoundationVictoriaMetricsOpenLink Software
Initial release201620132012 info2020 rebranded from PrestoSQL20181998
Current releasev1.91, May 20237.2.11, September 2023
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache 2.0commercial infolimited edition freeOpen Source infoApache Version 2.0Open Source infoApache Version 2.0Open Source infoGPLv2, extended commercial license available
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Starburst Galaxy offers a feature-rich user interface to connect all your data sources, manage your Trino clusters, and query your data.
Implementation languageGoC++JavaGoC
Server operating systemsLinux
OS X
Windows
hosted infoAmazon EC2, Windows Azure, SoftLayer
Linux
OS X
Windows
Linux
macOS infofor devlopment
FreeBSD
Linux
macOS
OpenBSD
AIX
FreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows
Data schemeschema-freeyesyesyes infoSQL - Standard relational schema
RDF - Quad (S, P, O, G) or Triple (S, P, O)
XML - DTD, XML Schema
DAV - freeform filesystem objects, plus User Defined Types a/k/a Dynamic Extension Type
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonononoyes
Secondary indexesyesyesdepending on connected data-sourceyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLnoyesyesnoyes infoSQL-92, SQL-200x, SQL-3, SQLX
APIs and other access methodsGraphQL query language
gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
HTTP API
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
JDBC
RESTful HTTP API
Trino CLI
Graphite protocol
InfluxDB Line Protocol
OpenTSDB
Prometheus Query API
Prometheus Remote Read/Write
ADO.NET
GeoSPARQL
HTTP API
JDBC
Jena RDF API
ODBC
OLE DB
RDF4J API
RESTful HTTP API
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SOAP webservices
SPARQL 1.1
WebDAV
XPath
XQuery
XSLT
Supported programming languagesC#
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
.Net
C
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
R
Ruby
.Net
C
C#
C++
Java
JavaScript
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Visual Basic
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnoJava, SQLyes, depending on connected data-sourcenoyes infoVirtuoso PL
Triggersnoyesnonoyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesyesdata is dynamically stored/cached on the nodes where it is read/writtendepending on connected data-sourceyes
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesSynchronous replication via Raftyes infoManaged transparently by NuoDBdepending on connected data-sourceSynchronous replicationChain, star, and bi-directional replication
Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonononoyes
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistencydepending on connected data-sourceEventual ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynoyesnonoyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACID infotunable commit protocoldepending on connected data-sourcenoACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyes infoMVCCyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesdepending on connected data-sourceyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yes infoTemporary tablenoyes
User concepts infoAccess controlno infoPlanned for future releasesStandard SQL roles/ privileges, Administrative UsersSQL standard access controlFine-grained Attribute-Based Access Control (ABAC) in addition to typical coarse-grained Role-Based Access Control (RBAC) according to SQL-standard. Pluggable authentication with supported standards (LDAP, Active Directory, Kerberos)
More information provided by the system vendor
DgraphNuoDBTrinoVictoriaMetricsVirtuoso
Specific characteristicsTrino is the fastest open source, massively parallel processing SQL query engine...
» more
Virtuoso is a modern multi-model RDBMS for managing data represented as tabular relations...
» more
Competitive advantagesHigh performance analtyics and data processing of very large data sets Powerful ANSI...
» more
Performance & Scale — as exemplified by DBpedia and the LOD Cloud it spawned, i.e.,...
» more
Typical application scenariosPerformant analytics query engine for data warehouses, data lakes, and data lakehouses...
» more
Used for — Analytics/BI Conceptual Data Virtualization Enterprise Knowledge Graphs...
» more
Key customersTrino is widely adopted across the globe as freely-available open source software....
» more
Broad use across enterprises and governments including — European Union (EU) US Government...
» more
Market metrics33000+ commits in GitHub 8200+ stargazers in GitHub 1200+ pull requests merged in...
» more
Largest installed-base ​of Multi-Model RDBMS for AI-friendly Knowledge Graphs Platform...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsTrino is an open source project and usage is therefore free. Commercial offerings...
» more
Available in both Commercial Enterprise and Open Source (GPL v2) Editions Feature...
» more
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and for displaying vendor-provided information such as key customers, competitive advantages and market metrics.

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More resources
DgraphNuoDBTrinoVictoriaMetricsVirtuoso
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