DBMS > Dgraph vs. MySQL vs. Pinecone vs. Prometheus

System Properties Comparison Dgraph vs. MySQL vs. Pinecone vs. Prometheus

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Distributed and scalable native Graph DBMS

Widely used open source RDBMS

A managed, cloud-native vector database

Open-source Time Series DBMS and monitoring system

Primary database model

Graph DBMS

Relational DBMS

Key/Value like access via memcached API

Vector DBMS

Time Series DBMS

Secondary database models

Document store
Spatial DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	1.53
Rank	#152	Overall
	#15	Graph DBMS

Score	1061.34
Rank	#2	Overall
	#2	Relational DBMS

Score	3.23
Rank	#92	Overall
	#3	Vector DBMS

Score	7.69
Rank	#50	Overall
	#3	Time Series DBMS

Website

Technical documentation

dgraph.io/docs

dev.mysql.com/doc

docs.pinecone.io/docs/overview

prometheus.io/docs

Developer

Dgraph Labs, Inc.

Oracle

since 2010, originally MySQL AB, then Sun

Pinecone Systems, Inc

Initial release

2016

1995

2019

2015

Current release

8.4.0, April 2024

License

Commercial or Open Source

Open Source

Apache 2.0

Open Source

GPL version 2. Commercial licenses with extended functionallity are available

commercial

Open Source

Apache 2.0

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

yes

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

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Implementation language

C and C++

Server operating systems

Linux
OS X
Windows

FreeBSD
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows

hosted

Linux
Windows

Data scheme

schema-free

yes

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

String, Number, Boolean

Numeric data only

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

Import of XML data possible

Secondary indexes

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

with proprietary extensions

APIs and other access methods

GraphQL query language
gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
HTTP API

ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
Proprietary native API

RESTful HTTP API

RESTful HTTP/JSON API

Supported programming languages

C#
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby

Ada
C
C#
C++
D
Delphi
Eiffel
Erlang
Haskell
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Objective-C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scheme
Tcl

Python

.Net
C++
Go
Haskell
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
Ruby

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

yes

proprietary syntax

Triggers

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

yes

horizontal partitioning, sharding with MySQL Cluster or MySQL Fabric

Sharding

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

Synchronous replication via Raft

Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication

yes

by Federation

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

none

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

not for MyISAM storage engine

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

not for MyISAM storage engine

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

table locks or row locks depending on storage engine

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

User concepts

Access control

Planned for future releases

Users with fine-grained authorization concept

no user groups or roles

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