DBMS > Dgraph vs. MonetDB vs. MySQL vs. RDFox vs. TimesTen

System Properties Comparison Dgraph vs. MonetDB vs. MySQL vs. RDFox vs. TimesTen

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Distributed and scalable native Graph DBMS

A relational database management system that stores data in columns

Widely used open source RDBMS

High performance knowledge graph and semantic reasoning engine

In-Memory RDBMS compatible to Oracle

Primary database model

Graph DBMS

Relational DBMS

Key/Value like access via memcached API

Graph DBMS
RDF store

Relational DBMS

Secondary database models

Document store
Spatial DBMS

Relational DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	1.45
Rank	#156	Overall
	#15	Graph DBMS

Score	1.72
Rank	#145	Overall
	#67	Relational DBMS

Score	1083.74
Rank	#2	Overall
	#2	Relational DBMS

Score	0.23
Rank	#308	Overall
	#25	Graph DBMS
	#14	RDF stores

Score	1.31
Rank	#163	Overall
	#74	Relational DBMS

Website

dgraph.io

www.monetdb.org

www.mysql.com

www.oxfordsemantic.tech

www.oracle.com/database/technologies/related/timesten.html

Technical documentation

dgraph.io/docs

www.monetdb.org/Documentation

dev.mysql.com/doc

docs.oxfordsemantic.tech

docs.oracle.com/database/timesten-18.1

Developer

Dgraph Labs, Inc.

MonetDB BV

Oracle

since 2010, originally MySQL AB, then Sun

Oxford Semantic Technologies

Oracle, TimesTen Performance Software, HP

originally founded in HP Labs it was acquired by Oracle in 2005

Initial release

2016

2004

1995

2017

1998

Current release

Dec2023 (11.49), December 2023

8.4.0, April 2024

6.0, Septermber 2022

11 Release 2 (11.2.2.8.0)

License

Commercial or Open Source

Open Source

Apache 2.0

Open Source

Mozilla Public License 2.0

Open Source

GPL version 2. Commercial licenses with extended functionallity are available

commercial

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

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Implementation language

C and C++

C++

Server operating systems

Linux
OS X
Windows

FreeBSD
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows

Linux
macOS
Windows

AIX
HP-UX
Linux
OS X
Solaris SPARC/x86
Windows

Data scheme

schema-free

yes

RDF schemas

yes

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

Secondary indexes

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

SQL 2003 with some extensions

yes

with proprietary extensions

yes

APIs and other access methods

GraphQL query language
gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
HTTP API

JDBC
native C library

MAPI library (MonetDB application programming interface)
ODBC

ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
Proprietary native API

RESTful HTTP API
SPARQL 1.1

JDBC
ODBC
ODP.NET
Oracle Call Interface (OCI)

Supported programming languages

C#
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby

C
C++
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
R
Ruby

Ada
C
C#
C++
D
Delphi
Eiffel
Erlang
Haskell
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Objective-C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scheme
Tcl

C
Java

C
C++
Java
PL/SQL

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

yes, in SQL, C, R

yes

proprietary syntax

PL/SQL

Triggers

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

yes

Sharding via remote tables

horizontal partitioning, sharding with MySQL Cluster or MySQL Fabric

none

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

Synchronous replication via Raft

none

Source-replica replication available in experimental status

Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication

replication via a shared file system

Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Immediate Consistency in stand-alone mode, Eventual Consistency in replicated setups

Immediate Consistency or Eventual Consistency depending on configuration

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

not for MyISAM storage engine

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

not for MyISAM storage engine

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

table locks or row locks depending on storage engine

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

by means of logfiles and checkpoints

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

User concepts

Access control

Planned for future releases

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

Users with fine-grained authorization concept

no user groups or roles

Roles, resources, and access types

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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