DBMS > Dgraph vs. Ingres vs. Oracle Rdb vs. Spark SQL

System Properties Comparison Dgraph vs. Ingres vs. Oracle Rdb vs. Spark SQL

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Distributed and scalable native Graph DBMS

Well established RDBMS

Spark SQL is a component on top of 'Spark Core' for structured data processing

Primary database model

Graph DBMS

Relational DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	1.53
Rank	#152	Overall
	#15	Graph DBMS

Score	3.80
Rank	#82	Overall
	#44	Relational DBMS

Score	1.14
Rank	#178	Overall
	#80	Relational DBMS

Score	18.04
Rank	#33	Overall
	#20	Relational DBMS

Website

dgraph.io

www.actian.com/databases/ingres

www.oracle.com/database/technologies/related/rdb.html

spark.apache.org/sql

Technical documentation

dgraph.io/docs

docs.actian.com/ingres

www.oracle.com/database/technologies/related/rdb-doc.html

spark.apache.org/docs/latest/sql-programming-guide.html

Developer

Dgraph Labs, Inc.

Actian Corporation

Oracle, originally developed by Digital Equipment Corporation (DEC)

Apache Software Foundation

Initial release

2016

1974

originally developed at University Berkely in early 1970s

1984

2014

Current release

11.2, May 2022

7.4.1.1, 2021

3.5.0 ( 2.13), September 2023

License

Commercial or Open Source

Open Source

Apache 2.0

commercial

Open Source

Apache 2.0

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Implementation language

Scala

Server operating systems

Linux
OS X
Windows

AIX
HP Open VMS
HP-UX
Linux
Solaris
Windows

HP Open VMS

Linux
OS X
Windows

Data scheme

schema-free

yes

Flexible Schema (defined schema, partial schema, schema free)

yes

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

but tools for importing/exporting data from/to XML-files available

Secondary indexes

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

SQL-like DML and DDL statements

APIs and other access methods

GraphQL query language
gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
HTTP API

.NET Client API
JDBC
ODBC
proprietary protocol (OpenAPI)

JDBC
ODBC

Supported programming languages

C#
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby

Java
Python
R
Scala

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

yes

Triggers

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

yes

horizontal partitioning

Ingres Star to access multiple databases simultaneously

yes, utilizing Spark Core

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

Synchronous replication via Raft

Ingres Replicator

none

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

yes, on a single node

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

MVCC

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

User concepts

Access control

Planned for future releases

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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