DBMS > Dgraph vs. Ingres vs. LokiJS vs. Microsoft Azure Synapse Analytics vs. MySQL

System Properties Comparison Dgraph vs. Ingres vs. LokiJS vs. Microsoft Azure Synapse Analytics vs. MySQL

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Distributed and scalable native Graph DBMS

Well established RDBMS

In-memory JavaScript DBMS

Elastic, large scale data warehouse service leveraging the broad eco-system of SQL Server

Widely used open source RDBMS

Primary database model

Key/Value like access via memcached API

Secondary database models

Document store
Spatial DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	1.53
Rank	#152	Overall
	#15	Graph DBMS

Score	3.80
Rank	#82	Overall
	#44	Relational DBMS

Score	0.49
Rank	#260	Overall
	#42	Document stores

Score	19.93
Rank	#31	Overall
	#19	Relational DBMS

Score	1061.34
Rank	#2	Overall
	#2	Relational DBMS

Website

dgraph.io

www.actian.com/databases/ingres

github.com/techfort/LokiJS

azure.microsoft.com/services/synapse-analytics

www.mysql.com

Technical documentation

dgraph.io/docs

docs.actian.com/ingres

techfort.github.io/LokiJS

docs.microsoft.com/azure/synapse-analytics

dev.mysql.com/doc

Developer

Dgraph Labs, Inc.

Actian Corporation

Microsoft

Oracle

since 2010, originally MySQL AB, then Sun

Initial release

2016

1974

originally developed at University Berkely in early 1970s

2014

2016

1995

Current release

11.2, May 2022

8.4.0, April 2024

License

Commercial or Open Source

Open Source

Apache 2.0

commercial

Open Source

commercial

Open Source

GPL version 2. Commercial licenses with extended functionallity are available

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

yes

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

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Implementation language

JavaScript

C++

C and C++

Server operating systems

Linux
OS X
Windows

AIX
HP Open VMS
HP-UX
Linux
Solaris
Windows

server-less, requires a JavaScript environment (browser, Node.js)

hosted

FreeBSD
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows

Data scheme

schema-free

yes

schema-free

yes

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

but tools for importing/exporting data from/to XML-files available

yes

Secondary indexes

yes

via views

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

with proprietary extensions

APIs and other access methods

GraphQL query language
gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
HTTP API

.NET Client API
JDBC
ODBC
proprietary protocol (OpenAPI)

JavaScript API

ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC

ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
Proprietary native API

Supported programming languages

C#
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby

JavaScript

C#
Java
PHP

Ada
C
C#
C++
D
Delphi
Eiffel
Erlang
Haskell
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Objective-C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scheme
Tcl

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

yes

View functions in JavaScript

Transact SQL

yes

proprietary syntax

Triggers

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

yes

horizontal partitioning

Ingres Star to access multiple databases simultaneously

none

Sharding, horizontal partitioning

horizontal partitioning, sharding with MySQL Cluster or MySQL Fabric

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

Synchronous replication via Raft

Ingres Replicator

none

yes

Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

yes

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

none

Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

docs.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/synapse-analytics/sql-data-warehouse/sql-data-warehouse-table-constraints

yes

not for MyISAM storage engine

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

atomic operations within a single collection possible

ACID

not for MyISAM storage engine

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

MVCC

yes

table locks or row locks depending on storage engine

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

Serialization of a DB in a Node.JS/Cordova/PhoneGap environment. Usage of the IndexedDB-API in a browser.

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

User concepts

Access control

Planned for future releases

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

yes

Users with fine-grained authorization concept

no user groups or roles

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