DBMS > Dgraph vs. HarperDB vs. Hazelcast vs. IBM Cloudant vs. Microsoft Azure Cosmos DB

System Properties Comparison Dgraph vs. HarperDB vs. Hazelcast vs. IBM Cloudant vs. Microsoft Azure Cosmos DB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Distributed and scalable native Graph DBMS

Ultra-low latency distributed database with an intuitive REST API supporting NoSQL and SQL (including joins). Deployment of functions and databases simultaneously with a consolidated node-level architecture.

A widely adopted in-memory data grid

Database as a Service offering based on Apache CouchDB

Globally distributed, horizontally scalable, multi-model database service

Primary database model

Document store
Graph DBMS
Key-value store
Wide column store

Secondary database models

Document store

JSON support with IMDG 3.12

Spatial DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	1.45
Rank	#156	Overall
	#15	Graph DBMS

Score	0.55
Rank	#248	Overall
	#38	Document stores

Score	5.97
Rank	#57	Overall
	#6	Key-value stores

Score	2.68
Rank	#106	Overall
	#20	Document stores

Score	29.04
Rank	#27	Overall
	#4	Document stores
	#2	Graph DBMS
	#3	Key-value stores
	#3	Wide column stores

Website

dgraph.io

www.harperdb.io

hazelcast.com

www.ibm.com/products/cloudant

azure.microsoft.com/services/cosmos-db

Technical documentation

dgraph.io/docs

docs.harperdb.io/docs

hazelcast.org/imdg/docs

cloud.ibm.com/docs/Cloudant

learn.microsoft.com/azure/cosmos-db

Developer

Dgraph Labs, Inc.

HarperDB

Hazelcast

IBM, Apache Software Foundation

IBM acquired Cloudant in February 2014

Microsoft

Initial release

2016

2017

2008

2010

2014

Current release

3.1, August 2021

5.3.6, November 2023

License

Commercial or Open Source

Open Source

Apache 2.0

commercial

free community edition available

Open Source

Apache Version 2; commercial licenses available

commercial

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

yes

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Implementation language

Node.js

Java

Erlang

Server operating systems

Linux
OS X
Windows

Linux
OS X

All OS with a Java VM

hosted

Data scheme

schema-free

dynamic schema

schema-free

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

JSON data types

yes

JSON types

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

the object must implement a serialization strategy

Secondary indexes

yes

All properties auto-indexed by default

SQL

Support of SQL

SQL-like data manipulation statements

SQL-like query language

APIs and other access methods

GraphQL query language
gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
HTTP API

JDBC
ODBC
React Hooks
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
WebSocket

JCache
JPA
Memcached protocol
RESTful HTTP API

RESTful HTTP/JSON API

DocumentDB API
Graph API (Gremlin)
MongoDB API
RESTful HTTP API
Table API

Supported programming languages

C#
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby

.Net
C
C#
C++
ColdFusion
D
Dart
Delphi
Erlang
Go
Haskell
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Lisp
MatLab
Objective C
Perl
PHP
PowerShell
Prolog
Python
R
Ruby
Rust
Scala
Swift

.Net
C#
C++
Clojure
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
Scala

C#
Java
JavaScript
Objective-C
PHP
Ruby

.Net
C#
Java
JavaScript
JavaScript (Node.js)
MongoDB client drivers written for various programming languages
Python

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

Custom Functions

since release 3.1

yes

Event Listeners, Executor Services

View functions (Map-Reduce) in JavaScript

JavaScript

Triggers

yes

Events

yes

JavaScript

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

yes

A table resides as a whole on one (or more) nodes in a cluster

Sharding

Implicit feature of the cloud service

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

Synchronous replication via Raft

yes

the nodes on which a table resides can be defined

yes

Replicated Map

Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication

yes

Implicit feature of the cloud service

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

yes

with Hadoop integration

Integration with Hadoop/HDInsight on Azure*

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Immediate Consistency or Eventual Consistency selectable by user

Raft Consensus Algorithm

Eventual Consistency

Bounded Staleness
Consistent Prefix
Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency

Consistency level configurable on request level
Session Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

Atomic execution of specific operations

one or two-phase-commit; repeatable reads; read commited

atomic operations within a document possible

Multi-item ACID transactions with snapshot isolation within a partition

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Optimistic locking

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

yes, using LMDB

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

User concepts

Access control

Planned for future releases

Access rights for users and roles

Role-based access control

Access rights for users can be defined per database

Access rights can be defined down to the item level

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