DBMS > Dgraph vs. H2 vs. ToroDB vs. VelocityDB vs. Vitess

System Properties Comparison Dgraph vs. H2 vs. ToroDB vs. VelocityDB vs. Vitess

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

ToroDB seems to be discontinued. Therefore it is excluded from the DB-Engines Ranking.

Description

Distributed and scalable native Graph DBMS

Full-featured RDBMS with a small footprint, either embedded into a Java application or used as a database server.

A MongoDB-compatible JSON document store, built on top of PostgreSQL

A .NET Object Database that can be embedded/distributed and extended to a graph data model (VelocityGraph)

Scalable, distributed, cloud-native DBMS, extending MySQL

Primary database model

Graph DBMS

Relational DBMS

Document store

Graph DBMS
Object oriented DBMS

Relational DBMS

Secondary database models

Spatial DBMS

Document store
Spatial DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	1.53
Rank	#152	Overall
	#15	Graph DBMS

Score	8.33
Rank	#46	Overall
	#30	Relational DBMS

Score	0.11
Rank	#354	Overall
	#37	Graph DBMS
	#15	Object oriented DBMS

Score	0.88
Rank	#203	Overall
	#95	Relational DBMS

Website

dgraph.io

www.h2database.com

github.com/torodb/server

velocitydb.com

vitess.io

Technical documentation

dgraph.io/docs

www.h2database.com/html/main.html

velocitydb.com/UserGuide

vitess.io/docs

Developer

Dgraph Labs, Inc.

Thomas Mueller

8Kdata

VelocityDB Inc

The Linux Foundation, PlanetScale

Initial release

2016

2005

2016

2011

2013

Current release

2.2.220, July 2023

7.x

15.0.2, December 2022

License

Commercial or Open Source

Open Source

Apache 2.0

Open Source

dual-licence (Mozilla public license, Eclipse public license)

Open Source

AGPL-V3

commercial

Open Source

Apache Version 2.0, commercial licenses available

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Implementation language

Java

Server operating systems

Linux
OS X
Windows

All OS with a Java VM

All OS with a Java 7 VM

Any that supports .NET

Docker
Linux
macOS

Data scheme

schema-free

yes

schema-free

yes

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

string, integer, double, boolean, date, object_id

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

Secondary indexes

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

with proprietary extensions

APIs and other access methods

GraphQL query language
gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
HTTP API

JDBC
ODBC

.Net

ADO.NET
JDBC
MySQL protocol
ODBC

Supported programming languages

C#
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby

Java

.Net

Ada
C
C#
C++
D
Delphi
Eiffel
Erlang
Haskell
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Objective-C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scheme
Tcl

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

Java Stored Procedures and User-Defined Functions

yes

proprietary syntax

Triggers

yes

Callbacks are triggered when data changes

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

yes

none

Sharding

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

Synchronous replication via Raft

With clustering: 2 database servers on different computers operate on identical copies of a database

Source-replica replication

Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency

Immediate Consistency

Eventual Consistency across shards
Immediate Consistency within a shard

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

not for MyISAM storage engine

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

ACID at shard level

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

yes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)

yes

table locks or row locks depending on storage engine

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

User concepts

Access control

Planned for future releases

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

Access rights for users and roles

Based on Windows Authentication

Users with fine-grained authorization concept

no user groups or roles

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More resources

Recent citations in the news

Dgraph on AWS: Setting up a horizontally scalable graph database | Amazon Web Services
1 September 2020, AWS Blog

Dgraph Raises $6M in Seed Funding
20 July 2022, FinSMEs

Dgraph Rises to the Top Graph Database on GitHub With 11 G2 Badges and 11M Downloads
26 May 2021, Business Wire

Dgraph raises $11.5 million for scalable graph database solutions
31 July 2019, VentureBeat

provided by Google News

PlanetScale Unveils Distributed MySQL Database Service Based on Vitess
18 May 2021, Datanami

PlanetScale grabs YouTube-developed open-source tech, promises Vitess DBaaS with on-the-fly schema changes
18 May 2021, The Register

They scaled YouTube -- now they’ll shard everyone with PlanetScale
13 December 2018, TechCrunch

With Vitess 4.0, database vendor matures cloud-native platform
13 November 2019, TechTarget

Massively Scaling MySQL Using Vitess
19 February 2019, InfoQ.com

provided by Google News

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