DBMS > Dgraph vs. H2 vs. MonetDB vs. ToroDB vs. VelocityDB

System Properties Comparison Dgraph vs. H2 vs. MonetDB vs. ToroDB vs. VelocityDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

ToroDB seems to be discontinued. Therefore it is excluded from the DB-Engines Ranking.

Description

Distributed and scalable native Graph DBMS

Full-featured RDBMS with a small footprint, either embedded into a Java application or used as a database server.

A relational database management system that stores data in columns

A MongoDB-compatible JSON document store, built on top of PostgreSQL

A .NET Object Database that can be embedded/distributed and extended to a graph data model (VelocityGraph)

Primary database model

Graph DBMS

Relational DBMS

Document store

Graph DBMS
Object oriented DBMS

Secondary database models

Spatial DBMS

Document store
Spatial DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	1.53
Rank	#152	Overall
	#15	Graph DBMS

Score	8.33
Rank	#46	Overall
	#30	Relational DBMS

Score	1.72
Rank	#141	Overall
	#64	Relational DBMS

Score	0.11
Rank	#354	Overall
	#37	Graph DBMS
	#15	Object oriented DBMS

Website

dgraph.io

www.h2database.com

www.monetdb.org

github.com/torodb/server

velocitydb.com

Technical documentation

dgraph.io/docs

www.h2database.com/html/main.html

www.monetdb.org/Documentation

velocitydb.com/UserGuide

Developer

Dgraph Labs, Inc.

Thomas Mueller

MonetDB BV

8Kdata

VelocityDB Inc

Initial release

2016

2005

2004

2016

2011

Current release

2.2.220, July 2023

Dec2023 (11.49), December 2023

7.x

License

Commercial or Open Source

Open Source

Apache 2.0

Open Source

dual-licence (Mozilla public license, Eclipse public license)

Open Source

Mozilla Public License 2.0

Open Source

AGPL-V3

commercial

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Implementation language

Java

Server operating systems

Linux
OS X
Windows

All OS with a Java VM

FreeBSD
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows

All OS with a Java 7 VM

Any that supports .NET

Data scheme

schema-free

yes

schema-free

yes

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

string, integer, double, boolean, date, object_id

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

Secondary indexes

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

SQL 2003 with some extensions

APIs and other access methods

GraphQL query language
gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
HTTP API

JDBC
ODBC

JDBC
native C library

MAPI library (MonetDB application programming interface)
ODBC

.Net

Supported programming languages

C#
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby

Java

C
C++
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
R
Ruby

.Net

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

Java Stored Procedures and User-Defined Functions

yes, in SQL, C, R

Triggers

yes

Callbacks are triggered when data changes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

yes

none

Sharding via remote tables

Sharding

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

Synchronous replication via Raft

With clustering: 2 database servers on different computers operate on identical copies of a database

none

Source-replica replication available in experimental status

Source-replica replication

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency

Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

yes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

User concepts

Access control

Planned for future releases

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

Access rights for users and roles

Based on Windows Authentication

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More resources

Recent citations in the news

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