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DBMS > Dgraph vs. GraphDB vs. NebulaGraph vs. QuestDB vs. RDF4J

System Properties Comparison Dgraph vs. GraphDB vs. NebulaGraph vs. QuestDB vs. RDF4J

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameDgraph  Xexclude from comparisonGraphDB infoformer name: OWLIM  Xexclude from comparisonNebulaGraph  Xexclude from comparisonQuestDB  Xexclude from comparisonRDF4J infoformerly known as Sesame  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionDistributed and scalable native Graph DBMSEnterprise-ready RDF and graph database with efficient reasoning, cluster and external index synchronization support. It supports also SQL JDBC access to Knowledge Graph and GraphQL over SPARQL.A distributed, linear scalable, high perfomant Graph DBMSA high performance open source SQL database for time series dataRDF4J is a Java framework for processing RDF data, supporting both memory-based and a disk-based storage.
Primary database modelGraph DBMSGraph DBMS
RDF store
Graph DBMSTime Series DBMSRDF store
Secondary database modelsRelational DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score1.53
Rank#152  Overall
#15  Graph DBMS
Score3.25
Rank#91  Overall
#7  Graph DBMS
#4  RDF stores
Score2.23
Rank#116  Overall
#10  Graph DBMS
Score2.70
Rank#105  Overall
#8  Time Series DBMS
Score0.74
Rank#222  Overall
#9  RDF stores
Websitedgraph.iowww.ontotext.comgithub.com/­vesoft-inc/­nebula
www.nebula-graph.io
questdb.iordf4j.org
Technical documentationdgraph.io/­docsgraphdb.ontotext.com/­documentationdocs.nebula-graph.ioquestdb.io/­docsrdf4j.org/­documentation
Social network pagesLinkedInTwitterYouTubeGitHubMedium
DeveloperDgraph Labs, Inc.OntotextVesoft Inc.QuestDB Technology IncSince 2016 officially forked into an Eclipse project, former developer was Aduna Software.
Initial release20162000201920142004
Current release10.4, October 2023
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache 2.0commercial infoSome plugins of GraphDB Workbench are open sourcedOpen Source infoApache Version 2.0 + Common Clause 1.0Open Source infoApache 2.0Open Source infoEclipse Distribution License (EDL), v1.0.
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageGoJavaC++Java (Zero-GC), C++, RustJava
Server operating systemsLinux
OS X
Windows
All OS with a Java VM
Linux
OS X
Windows
LinuxLinux
macOS
Windows
Linux
OS X
Unix
Windows
Data schemeschema-freeschema-free and OWL/RDFS-schema support; RDF shapesStrong typed schemayes infoschema-free via InfluxDB Line Protocolyes infoRDF Schemas
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nononono
Secondary indexesyesyes, supports real-time synchronization and indexing in SOLR/Elastic search/Lucene and GeoSPARQL geometry data indexesyes infoNebula Graph internally uses the Key-Value store RocksDB for persistency. The vertices, edges, and their properties are stored as Key while their values are stored as Value. The primary indexes are per Key and secondary indexes are per Value.noyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLnostored SPARQL accessed as SQL using Apache Calcite through JDBC/ODBCSQL-like query languageSQL with time-series extensionsno
APIs and other access methodsGraphQL query language
gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
HTTP API
GeoSPARQL
GraphQL
GraphQL Federation
Java API
JDBC
RDF4J API
RDFS
RIO
Sail API
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SPARQL 1.1
Browser interface
console (shell)
Cypher Query Language
GO Object Graph Mapper
Java Object Graph Mapper
NGBatis infoORM framework for NebulaGraph and Spring-Boot
Proprietary native API
Python Object Graph Mapper
Query language nGQL
HTTP REST
InfluxDB Line Protocol (TCP/UDP)
JDBC
PostgreSQL wire protocol
Java API
RIO infoRDF Input/Output
Sail API
SeRQL infoSesame RDF Query Language
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SPARQL
Supported programming languagesC#
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
.Net
C#
Clojure
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
.Net
C++
Go
Java
PHP
Python
C infoPostgreSQL driver
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
Rust infoover HTTP
Java
PHP
Python
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnowell-defined plugin interfaces; JavaScript server-side extensibilityuser defined functionsnoyes
Triggersnononoyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesyesnoneShardinghorizontal partitioning (by timestamps)none
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesSynchronous replication via RaftMulti-source replicationCausal Clustering using Raft protocolSource-replica replication with eventual consistencynone
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonononono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency, Eventual consistency (configurable in cluster mode per master or individual client request)Immediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynoyes infoConstraint checkingyes infoRelationships in graphsno
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDACIDACID for single-table writesACID infoIsolation support depends on the API used
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyes infousing RocksDByesyes infoin-memory storage is supported as well
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yesyes infothrough memory mapped files
User concepts infoAccess controlno infoPlanned for future releasesDefault Basic authentication through RDF4J client, or via Java when run with cURL, default token-based in the Workbench or via Rest API, optional access through OpenID or Kerberos single sign-on.Role-based access controlno
More information provided by the system vendor
DgraphGraphDB infoformer name: OWLIMNebulaGraphQuestDBRDF4J infoformerly known as Sesame
Specific characteristicsOntotext GraphDB is a semantic database engine that allows organizations to build...
» more
NebulaGraph is a truly distributed, linearly scalable, lightning-fast graph database,...
» more
Relational model with native time series support Column-based storage and time partitioned...
» more
Competitive advantagesGraphDB allows you to link text and data in big knowledge graphs. It’s easy to experiment...
» more
NebulaGraph boasts the world's only graph database solution that is able to host...
» more
High ingestion throughput: peak of 4M rows/sec (TSBS Benchmark) Code optimizations...
» more
Typical application scenariosMetadata enrichment and management, linked data publishing, semantic inferencing...
» more
Social networking Fraud detection Knowledge graph Data warehouse management Anti...
» more
Financial tick data Industrial IoT Application Metrics Monitoring
» more
Key customers​ GraphDB provides a platform for building next-generation AI and Knowledge Graph...
» more
Companies from a variety of industries have implemented NebulaGraph Database in production,...
» more
Banks & Hedge funds, Yahoo, OKX, Airbus, Aquis Exchange, Net App, Cloudera, Airtel,...
» more
Market metricsGraphDB is the most utilized semantic triplestore for mission-critical enterprise...
» more
At our very early stage, NebulaGraph has already received over 10,000 stars on GitHub...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsGraphDB Free is a non-commercial version and is free to use. GraphDB Enterprise edition...
» more
NebulaGraph is open source and free to use under Apache 2.0 license.
» more
Open source Apache 2.0 QuestDB Enterprise QuestDB Cloud
» more
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More resources
DgraphGraphDB infoformer name: OWLIMNebulaGraphQuestDBRDF4J infoformerly known as Sesame
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