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DBMS > Dgraph vs. Google Cloud Spanner vs. Spark SQL vs. VoltDB

System Properties Comparison Dgraph vs. Google Cloud Spanner vs. Spark SQL vs. VoltDB

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameDgraph  Xexclude from comparisonGoogle Cloud Spanner  Xexclude from comparisonSpark SQL  Xexclude from comparisonVoltDB  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionDistributed and scalable native Graph DBMSA horizontally scalable, globally consistent, relational database service. It is the externalization of the core Google database that runs the biggest aspects of Google, like Ads and Google Play.Spark SQL is a component on top of 'Spark Core' for structured data processingDistributed In-Memory NewSQL RDBMS infoUsed for OLTP applications with a high frequency of relatively simple transactions, that can hold all their data in memory
Primary database modelGraph DBMSRelational DBMSRelational DBMSRelational DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score1.45
Rank#156  Overall
#15  Graph DBMS
Score2.89
Rank#103  Overall
#52  Relational DBMS
Score18.96
Rank#33  Overall
#20  Relational DBMS
Score1.44
Rank#158  Overall
#73  Relational DBMS
Websitedgraph.iocloud.google.com/­spannerspark.apache.org/­sqlwww.voltdb.com
Technical documentationdgraph.io/­docscloud.google.com/­spanner/­docsspark.apache.org/­docs/­latest/­sql-programming-guide.htmldocs.voltdb.com
DeveloperDgraph Labs, Inc.GoogleApache Software FoundationVoltDB Inc.
Initial release2016201720142010
Current release3.5.0 ( 2.13), September 202311.3, April 2022
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache 2.0commercialOpen Source infoApache 2.0Open Source infoAGPL for Community Edition, commercial license for Enterprise, AWS, and Pro Editions
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenoyesnono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageGoScalaJava, C++
Server operating systemsLinux
OS X
Windows
hostedLinux
OS X
Windows
Linux
OS X infofor development
Data schemeschema-freeyesyesyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonono
Secondary indexesyesyesnoyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLnoyes infoQuery statements complying to ANSI 2011SQL-like DML and DDL statementsyes infoonly a subset of SQL 99
APIs and other access methodsGraphQL query language
gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
HTTP API
gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
JDBC infoAt present, JDBC supports read-only queries. No support for DDL or DML statements.
RESTful HTTP API
JDBC
ODBC
Java API
JDBC
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
Supported programming languagesC#
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
Java
Python
R
Scala
C#
C++
Erlang infonot officially supported
Go
Java
JavaScript infoNode.js
PHP
Python
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnononoJava
Triggersnononono
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesyesShardingyes, utilizing Spark CoreSharding
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesSynchronous replication via RaftMulti-source replication with 3 replicas for regional instances.noneMulti-source replication
Source-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnoyes infousing Google Cloud Dataflowno
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynoyes infoby using interleaved tables, this features focuses more on performance improvements than on referential integritynono infoFOREIGN KEY constraints are not supported
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACID infoStrict serializable isolationnoACID infoTransactions are executed single-threaded within stored procedures
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes infoData access is serialized by the server
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes infoSnapshots and command logging
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nono
User concepts infoAccess controlno infoPlanned for future releasesAccess rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management (IAM)noUsers and roles with access to stored procedures

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More resources
DgraphGoogle Cloud SpannerSpark SQLVoltDB
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Dgraph on AWS: Setting up a horizontally scalable graph database | Amazon Web Services
1 September 2020, AWS Blog

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