DBMS > Dgraph vs. Google Cloud Spanner vs. mSQL vs. SAP HANA

System Properties Comparison Dgraph vs. Google Cloud Spanner vs. mSQL vs. SAP HANA

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Distributed and scalable native Graph DBMS

A horizontally scalable, globally consistent, relational database service. It is the externalization of the core Google database that runs the biggest aspects of Google, like Ads and Google Play.

mSQL (Mini SQL) is a simple and lightweight RDBMS

In-memory, column based data store. Available as appliance or cloud service

Primary database model

Graph DBMS

Relational DBMS

Secondary database models

Document store
Graph DBMS

with SAP Hana, Enterprise Edition
Spatial DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	1.53
Rank	#152	Overall
	#15	Graph DBMS

Score	2.84
Rank	#100	Overall
	#51	Relational DBMS

Score	1.27
Rank	#169	Overall
	#76	Relational DBMS

Score	44.27
Rank	#23	Overall
	#16	Relational DBMS

Website

dgraph.io

cloud.google.com/spanner

hughestech.com.au/products/msql

www.sap.com/products/hana.html

Technical documentation

dgraph.io/docs

cloud.google.com/spanner/docs

help.sap.com/hana

Developer

Dgraph Labs, Inc.

Google

Hughes Technologies

SAP

Initial release

2016

2017

1994

2010

Current release

4.4, October 2021

2.0 SPS07 (April 4, 2023), April 2023

License

Commercial or Open Source

Open Source

Apache 2.0

commercial

free licenses can be provided

commercial

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

yes

also available as a cloud based service

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Implementation language

Server operating systems

Linux
OS X
Windows

hosted

AIX
HP-UX
Linux
OS X
Solaris SPARC/x86
Windows

Appliance or cloud-service

Data scheme

schema-free

yes

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

Secondary indexes

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

Query statements complying to ANSI 2011

A subset of ANSI SQL is implemented

no subqueries, aggregate functions, views, foreign keys, triggers

yes

APIs and other access methods

GraphQL query language
gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
HTTP API

gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
JDBC

At present, JDBC supports read-only queries. No support for DDL or DML statements.
RESTful HTTP API

JDBC
ODBC

Supported programming languages

C#
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby

Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python

C
C++
Delphi
Java
Perl
PHP
Tcl

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

SQLScript, R

Triggers

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

yes

Sharding

none

yes

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

Synchronous replication via Raft

Multi-source replication with 3 replicas for regional instances.

none

yes

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

yes

using Google Cloud Dataflow

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

none

Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

by using interleaved tables, this features focuses more on performance improvements than on referential integrity

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

Strict serializable isolation

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

User concepts

Access control

Planned for future releases

Access rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management (IAM)

yes

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