DBMS > Dgraph vs. Google BigQuery vs. NuoDB vs. Vertica

System Properties Comparison Dgraph vs. Google BigQuery vs. NuoDB vs. Vertica

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Distributed and scalable native Graph DBMS

Large scale data warehouse service with append-only tables

NuoDB is a webscale distributed database that supports SQL and ACID transactions

Cloud or off-cloud analytical database and query engine for structured and semi-structured streaming and batch data. Machine learning platform with built-in algorithms, data preparation capabilities, and model evaluation and management via SQL or Python.

Primary database model

Graph DBMS

Relational DBMS

Column oriented

Secondary database models

Spatial DBMS
Time Series DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	1.45
Rank	#156	Overall
	#15	Graph DBMS

Score	60.38
Rank	#19	Overall
	#13	Relational DBMS

Score	0.89
Rank	#198	Overall
	#92	Relational DBMS

Score	10.68
Rank	#43	Overall
	#27	Relational DBMS

Website

dgraph.io

cloud.google.com/bigquery

www.3ds.com/nuodb-distributed-sql-database

www.vertica.com

Technical documentation

dgraph.io/docs

cloud.google.com/bigquery/docs

doc.nuodb.com

vertica.com/documentation

Developer

Dgraph Labs, Inc.

Google

Dassault Systèmes

originally NuoDB, Inc.

OpenText

previously Micro Focus and Hewlett Packard

Initial release

2016

2010

2013

2005

Current release

12.0.3, January 2023

License

Commercial or Open Source

Open Source

Apache 2.0

commercial

limited edition free

commercial

Limited community edition free

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

yes

on-premises, all major clouds - Amazon AWS, Microsoft Azure, Google Cloud Platform and containers

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Implementation language

C++

Server operating systems

Linux
OS X
Windows

hosted

Amazon EC2, Windows Azure, SoftLayer
Linux
OS X
Windows

Linux

Data scheme

schema-free

yes

Yes, but also semi-structure/unstructured data storage, and complex hierarchical data (like Parquet) stored and/or queried.

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

Secondary indexes

yes

No Indexes Required. Different internal optimization strategy, but same functionality included.

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

Full 1999 standard plus machine learning, time series and geospatial. Over 650 functions.

APIs and other access methods

GraphQL query language
gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
HTTP API

RESTful HTTP/JSON API

ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC

ADO.NET
JDBC
Kafka Connector
ODBC
RESTful HTTP API
Spark Connector
vSQL

character-based, interactive, front-end utility

Supported programming languages

C#
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby

.Net
Java
JavaScript
Objective-C
PHP
Python
Ruby

.Net
C
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby

C#
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
R

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

user defined functions

in JavaScript

Java, SQL

yes, PostgreSQL PL/pgSQL, with minor differences

Triggers

yes

yes, called Custom Alerts

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

yes

none

data is dynamically stored/cached on the nodes where it is read/written

horizontal partitioning, hierarchical partitioning

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

Synchronous replication via Raft

yes

Managed transparently by NuoDB

Multi-source replication

One, or more copies of data replicated across nodes, or object-store used for repository.

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

Bi-directional Spark integration

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

Since BigQuery is designed for querying data

ACID

tunable commit protocol

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

MVCC

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

Temporary table

User concepts

Access control

Planned for future releases

Access privileges (owner, writer, reader) on dataset, table or view level

Google Cloud Identity & Access Management (IAM)

Standard SQL roles/ privileges, Administrative Users

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard; supports Kerberos, LDAP, Ident and hash

More information provided by the system vendor

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Licensing and pricing models

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