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DBMS > Dgraph vs. Google BigQuery vs. InfluxDB vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. RethinkDB

System Properties Comparison Dgraph vs. Google BigQuery vs. InfluxDB vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. RethinkDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameDgraph  Xexclude from comparisonGoogle BigQuery  Xexclude from comparisonInfluxDB  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Data Explorer  Xexclude from comparisonRethinkDB  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionDistributed and scalable native Graph DBMSLarge scale data warehouse service with append-only tablesDBMS for storing time series, events and metricsFully managed big data interactive analytics platformDBMS for the Web with a mechanism to push updated query results to applications in realtime.
Primary database modelGraph DBMSRelational DBMSTime Series DBMSRelational DBMS infocolumn orientedDocument store
Secondary database modelsSpatial DBMS infowith GEO packageDocument store infoIf a column is of type dynamic docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-types/­dynamic then it's possible to add arbitrary JSON documents in this cell
Event Store infothis is the general usage pattern at Microsoft. Billing, Logs, Telemetry events are stored in ADX and the state of an individual entity is defined by the arg_max(timestamps)
Spatial DBMS
Search engine infosupport for complex search expressions docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­parseoperator FTS, Geospatial docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­geo-point-to-geohash-function distributed search -> ADX acts as a distributed search engine
Time Series DBMS infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorer/­time-series-analysis
Spatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score1.45
Rank#156  Overall
#15  Graph DBMS
Score60.38
Rank#19  Overall
#13  Relational DBMS
Score25.83
Rank#28  Overall
#1  Time Series DBMS
Score4.38
Rank#77  Overall
#41  Relational DBMS
Score2.74
Rank#105  Overall
#19  Document stores
Websitedgraph.iocloud.google.com/­bigquerywww.influxdata.com/­products/­influxdb-overviewazure.microsoft.com/­services/­data-explorerrethinkdb.com
Technical documentationdgraph.io/­docscloud.google.com/­bigquery/­docsdocs.influxdata.com/­influxdbdocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorerrethinkdb.com/­docs
DeveloperDgraph Labs, Inc.GoogleMicrosoftThe Linux Foundation infosince July 2017
Initial release20162010201320192009
Current release2.7.6, April 2024cloud service with continuous releases2.4.1, August 2020
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache 2.0commercialOpen Source infoMIT-License; commercial enterprise version availablecommercialOpen Source infoApache Version 2
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenoyesnoyesno
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageGoGoC++
Server operating systemsLinux
OS X
Windows
hostedLinux
OS X infothrough Homebrew
hostedLinux
OS X
Windows
Data schemeschema-freeyesschema-freeFixed schema with schema-less datatypes (dynamic)schema-free
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesNumeric data and Stringsyes infobool, datetime, dynamic, guid, int, long, real, string, timespan, double: docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-typesyes infostring, binary, float, bool, date, geometry
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nononoyesno
Secondary indexesyesnonoall fields are automatically indexedyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLnoyesSQL-like query languageKusto Query Language (KQL), SQL subsetno
APIs and other access methodsGraphQL query language
gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
HTTP API
RESTful HTTP/JSON APIHTTP API
JSON over UDP
Microsoft SQL Server communication protocol (MS-TDS)
RESTful HTTP API
Supported programming languagesC#
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
.Net
Java
JavaScript
Objective-C
PHP
Python
Ruby
.Net
Clojure
Erlang
Go
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
JavaScript (Node.js)
Lisp
Perl
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Rust
Scala
.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PowerShell
Python
R
C infocommunity-supported driver
C# infocommunity-supported driver
C++ infocommunity-supported driver
Clojure infocommunity-supported driver
Dart infocommunity-supported driver
Erlang infocommunity-supported driver
Go infocommunity-supported driver
Haskell infocommunity-supported driver
Java infoofficial driver
JavaScript (Node.js) infoofficial driver
Lisp infocommunity-supported driver
Lua infocommunity-supported driver
Objective-C infocommunity-supported driver
Perl infocommunity-supported driver
PHP infocommunity-supported driver
Python infoofficial driver
Ruby infoofficial driver
Scala infocommunity-supported driver
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnouser defined functions infoin JavaScriptnoYes, possible languages: KQL, Python, R
Triggersnononoyes infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­management/­updatepolicyClient-side triggers through changefeeds
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesyesnoneSharding infoin enterprise version onlySharding infoImplicit feature of the cloud serviceSharding inforange based
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesSynchronous replication via Raftselectable replication factor infoin enterprise version onlyyes infoImplicit feature of the cloud service. Replication either local, cross-facility or geo-redundant.Source-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnononoSpark connector (open source): github.com/­Azure/­azure-kusto-sparkyes
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynonononono
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDno infoSince BigQuery is designed for querying datanonoAtomic single-document operations
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes infoMVCC based
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyes infoDepending on used storage enginenono
User concepts infoAccess controlno infoPlanned for future releasesAccess privileges (owner, writer, reader) on dataset, table or view level infoGoogle Cloud Identity & Access Management (IAM)simple rights management via user accountsAzure Active Directory Authenticationyes infousers and table-level permissions
More information provided by the system vendor
DgraphGoogle BigQueryInfluxDBMicrosoft Azure Data ExplorerRethinkDB
Specific characteristicsInfluxData is the creator of InfluxDB , the open source time series database. It...
» more
Competitive advantagesTime to Value InfluxDB is available in all the popular languages and frameworks,...
» more
Typical application scenariosIoT & Sensor Monitoring Developers are witnessing the instrumentation of every available...
» more
Key customersInfluxData has more than 1,900 paying customers, including customers include MuleSoft,...
» more
Market metricsFastest-growing database to drive 27,500 GitHub stars Over 750,000 daily active instances
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsOpen source core with closed source clustering available either on-premise or on...
» more
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More resources
DgraphGoogle BigQueryInfluxDBMicrosoft Azure Data ExplorerRethinkDB
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