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DBMS > Dgraph vs. Firebase Realtime Database vs. KairosDB vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer

System Properties Comparison Dgraph vs. Firebase Realtime Database vs. KairosDB vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameDgraph  Xexclude from comparisonFirebase Realtime Database  Xexclude from comparisonKairosDB  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Data Explorer  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionDistributed and scalable native Graph DBMSCloud-hosted realtime document store. iOS, Android, and JavaScript clients share one Realtime Database instance and automatically receive updates with the newest data.Distributed Time Series DBMS based on Cassandra or H2Fully managed big data interactive analytics platform
Primary database modelGraph DBMSDocument storeTime Series DBMSRelational DBMS infocolumn oriented
Secondary database modelsDocument store infoIf a column is of type dynamic docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-types/­dynamic then it's possible to add arbitrary JSON documents in this cell
Event Store infothis is the general usage pattern at Microsoft. Billing, Logs, Telemetry events are stored in ADX and the state of an individual entity is defined by the arg_max(timestamps)
Spatial DBMS
Search engine infosupport for complex search expressions docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­parseoperator FTS, Geospatial docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­geo-point-to-geohash-function distributed search -> ADX acts as a distributed search engine
Time Series DBMS infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorer/­time-series-analysis
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score1.39
Rank#155  Overall
#15  Graph DBMS
Score13.60
Rank#39  Overall
#6  Document stores
Score0.60
Rank#238  Overall
#20  Time Series DBMS
Score3.28
Rank#83  Overall
#45  Relational DBMS
Websitedgraph.iofirebase.google.com/­products/­realtime-databasegithub.com/­kairosdb/­kairosdbazure.microsoft.com/­services/­data-explorer
Technical documentationdgraph.io/­docsfirebase.google.com/­docs/­databasekairosdb.github.iodocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorer
DeveloperDgraph Labs, Inc.Google infoacquired by Google 2014Microsoft
Initial release2016201220132019
Current release1.2.2, November 2018cloud service with continuous releases
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache 2.0commercialOpen Source infoApache 2.0commercial
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenoyesnoyes
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageGoJava
Server operating systemsLinux
OS X
Windows
hostedLinux
OS X
Windows
hosted
Data schemeschema-freeschema-freeschema-freeFixed schema with schema-less datatypes (dynamic)
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyes infobool, datetime, dynamic, guid, int, long, real, string, timespan, double: docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-types
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nononoyes
Secondary indexesyesyesnoall fields are automatically indexed
SQL infoSupport of SQLnononoKusto Query Language (KQL), SQL subset
APIs and other access methodsGraphQL query language
gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
HTTP API
Android
iOS
JavaScript API
RESTful HTTP API
Graphite protocol
HTTP REST
Telnet API
Microsoft SQL Server communication protocol (MS-TDS)
RESTful HTTP API
Supported programming languagesC#
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Java
JavaScript
Objective-C
Java
JavaScript infoNode.js
PHP
Python
.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PowerShell
Python
R
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnolimited functionality with using 'rules'noYes, possible languages: KQL, Python, R
TriggersnoCallbacks are triggered when data changesnoyes infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­management/­updatepolicy
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesyesSharding infobased on CassandraSharding infoImplicit feature of the cloud service
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesSynchronous replication via Raftselectable replication factor infobased on Cassandrayes infoImplicit feature of the cloud service. Replication either local, cross-facility or geo-redundant.
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnononoSpark connector (open source): github.com/­Azure/­azure-kusto-spark
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency infoif the client is offline
Immediate Consistency infoif the client is online
Eventual Consistency infobased on Cassandra
Immediate Consistency infobased on Cassandra
Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynononono
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDyesnono
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nono
User concepts infoAccess controlno infoPlanned for future releasesyes, based on authentication and database rulessimple password-based access controlAzure Active Directory Authentication

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More resources
DgraphFirebase Realtime DatabaseKairosDBMicrosoft Azure Data Explorer
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