DBMS > Dgraph vs. Ehcache vs. MarkLogic vs. Microsoft Azure Cosmos DB vs. Pinecone

System Properties Comparison Dgraph vs. Ehcache vs. MarkLogic vs. Microsoft Azure Cosmos DB vs. Pinecone

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Distributed and scalable native Graph DBMS

A widely adopted Java cache with tiered storage options

Operational and transactional Enterprise NoSQL database

Globally distributed, horizontally scalable, multi-model database service

A managed, cloud-native vector database

Primary database model

Graph DBMS

Key-value store

Document store
Native XML DBMS
RDF store

as of version 7
Search engine

Document store
Graph DBMS
Key-value store
Wide column store

Vector DBMS

Secondary database models

Spatial DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	1.45
Rank	#156	Overall
	#15	Graph DBMS

Score	4.89
Rank	#67	Overall
	#8	Key-value stores

Score	5.92
Rank	#58	Overall
	#10	Document stores
	#1	Native XML DBMS
	#1	RDF stores
	#6	Search engines

Score	29.04
Rank	#27	Overall
	#4	Document stores
	#2	Graph DBMS
	#3	Key-value stores
	#3	Wide column stores

Score	3.16
Rank	#95	Overall
	#2	Vector DBMS

Website

dgraph.io

www.ehcache.org

www.marklogic.com

azure.microsoft.com/services/cosmos-db

www.pinecone.io

Technical documentation

dgraph.io/docs

www.ehcache.org/documentation

docs.marklogic.com

learn.microsoft.com/azure/cosmos-db

docs.pinecone.io/docs/overview

Developer

Dgraph Labs, Inc.

Terracotta Inc, owned by Software AG

MarkLogic Corp.

Microsoft

Pinecone Systems, Inc

Initial release

2016

2009

2001

2014

2019

Current release

3.10.0, March 2022

11.0, December 2022

License

Commercial or Open Source

Open Source

Apache 2.0

Open Source

Apache Version 2; commercial licenses available

commercial

restricted free version is available

commercial

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

yes

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Implementation language

Java

C++

Server operating systems

Linux
OS X
Windows

All OS with a Java VM

Linux
OS X
Windows

hosted

Data scheme

schema-free

Schema can be enforced

schema-free

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

JSON types

String, Number, Boolean

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

Secondary indexes

yes

All properties auto-indexed by default

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

SQL92

SQL-like query language

APIs and other access methods

GraphQL query language
gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
HTTP API

JCache

Java API
Node.js Client API
ODBC
proprietary Optic API

Proprietary Query API, introduced with version 9
RESTful HTTP API
SPARQL
WebDAV
XDBC
XQuery
XSLT

DocumentDB API
Graph API (Gremlin)
MongoDB API
RESTful HTTP API
Table API

RESTful HTTP API

Supported programming languages

C#
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby

Java

C
C#
C++
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby

.Net
C#
Java
JavaScript
JavaScript (Node.js)
MongoDB client drivers written for various programming languages
Python

Python

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

yes

via XQuery or JavaScript

JavaScript

Triggers

yes

Cache Event Listeners

yes

JavaScript

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

yes

Sharding

by using Terracotta Server

Sharding

Implicit feature of the cloud service

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

Synchronous replication via Raft

yes

by using Terracotta Server

yes

Implicit feature of the cloud service

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

yes

via Hadoop Connector, HDFS Direct Access and in-database MapReduce jobs

with Hadoop integration

Integration with Hadoop/HDInsight on Azure*

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Tunable Consistency (Strong, Eventual, Weak)

Immediate Consistency

Bounded Staleness
Consistent Prefix
Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency

Consistency level configurable on request level
Session Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

yes

supports JTA and can work as an XA resource

ACID

can act as a resource manager in an XA/JTA transaction

Multi-item ACID transactions with snapshot isolation within a partition

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

using a tiered cache-storage approach

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

yes, with Range Indexes

User concepts

Access control

Planned for future releases

Role-based access control at the document and subdocument levels

Access rights can be defined down to the item level

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