DBMS > Dgraph vs. Drizzle vs. LevelDB vs. LMDB vs. Microsoft Azure Cosmos DB

System Properties Comparison Dgraph vs. Drizzle vs. LevelDB vs. LMDB vs. Microsoft Azure Cosmos DB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Drizzle has published its last release in September 2012. The open-source project is discontinued and Drizzle is excluded from the DB-Engines ranking.

Description

Distributed and scalable native Graph DBMS

MySQL fork with a pluggable micro-kernel and with an emphasis of performance over compatibility.

Embeddable fast key-value storage library that provides an ordered mapping from string keys to string values

A high performant, light-weight, embedded key-value database library

Globally distributed, horizontally scalable, multi-model database service

Primary database model

Graph DBMS

Relational DBMS

Key-value store

Document store
Graph DBMS
Key-value store
Wide column store

Secondary database models

Spatial DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	1.48
Rank	#158	Overall
	#15	Graph DBMS

Score	2.75
Rank	#107	Overall
	#19	Key-value stores

Score	2.33
Rank	#118	Overall
	#21	Key-value stores

Score	29.85
Rank	#27	Overall
	#4	Document stores
	#2	Graph DBMS
	#3	Key-value stores
	#3	Wide column stores

Website

dgraph.io

github.com/google/leveldb

www.symas.com/symas-embedded-database-lmdb

azure.microsoft.com/services/cosmos-db

Technical documentation

dgraph.io/docs

github.com/google/leveldb/blob/main/doc/index.md

www.lmdb.tech/doc

learn.microsoft.com/azure/cosmos-db

Developer

Dgraph Labs, Inc.

Drizzle project, originally started by Brian Aker

Google

Symas

Microsoft

Initial release

2016

2008

2011

2014

Current release

7.2.4, September 2012

1.23, February 2021

0.9.32, January 2024

License

Commercial or Open Source

Open Source

Apache 2.0

Open Source

GNU GPL

Open Source

BSD

Open Source

commercial

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

yes

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

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Implementation language

C++

Server operating systems

Linux
OS X
Windows

FreeBSD
Linux
OS X

Illumos
Linux
OS X
Windows

Linux
Unix
Windows

hosted

Data scheme

schema-free

yes

schema-free

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

JSON types

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

Secondary indexes

yes

All properties auto-indexed by default

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

with proprietary extensions

SQL-like query language

APIs and other access methods

GraphQL query language
gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
HTTP API

JDBC

DocumentDB API
Graph API (Gremlin)
MongoDB API
RESTful HTTP API
Table API

Supported programming languages

C#
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby

C
C++
Java
PHP

C++
Go
Java

3rd party binding
JavaScript (Node.js)

3rd party binding
Python

3rd party binding

.Net
C
C++
Clojure
Go
Haskell
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Lisp
Lua
MatLab
Nim
Objective C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Rust
Swift
Tcl

.Net
C#
Java
JavaScript
JavaScript (Node.js)
MongoDB client drivers written for various programming languages
Python

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

JavaScript

Triggers

hooks for callbacks inside the server can be used.

JavaScript

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

yes

Sharding

none

Sharding

Implicit feature of the cloud service

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

Synchronous replication via Raft

Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication

none

yes

Implicit feature of the cloud service

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

with Hadoop integration

Integration with Hadoop/HDInsight on Azure*

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Bounded Staleness
Consistent Prefix
Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency

Consistency level configurable on request level
Session Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

Multi-item ACID transactions with snapshot isolation within a partition

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

with automatic compression on writes

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

User concepts

Access control

Planned for future releases

Pluggable authentication mechanisms

e.g. LDAP, HTTP

Access rights can be defined down to the item level

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