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DBMS > Derby vs. Dgraph vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. NuoDB vs. TerminusDB

System Properties Comparison Derby vs. Dgraph vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. NuoDB vs. TerminusDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameDerby infooften called Apache Derby, originally IBM Cloudscape; contained in the Java SDK as JavaDB  Xexclude from comparisonDgraph  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Data Explorer  Xexclude from comparisonNuoDB  Xexclude from comparisonTerminusDB infoformer name was DataChemist  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionFull-featured RDBMS with a small footprint, either embedded into a Java application or used as a database server.Distributed and scalable native Graph DBMSFully managed big data interactive analytics platformNuoDB is a webscale distributed database that supports SQL and ACID transactionsScalable Graph Database platform making enterprise data available by exploiting inferred entities and relationships
Primary database modelRelational DBMSGraph DBMSRelational DBMS infocolumn orientedRelational DBMSGraph DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument store infoIf a column is of type dynamic docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-types/­dynamic then it's possible to add arbitrary JSON documents in this cell
Event Store infothis is the general usage pattern at Microsoft. Billing, Logs, Telemetry events are stored in ADX and the state of an individual entity is defined by the arg_max(timestamps)
Spatial DBMS
Search engine infosupport for complex search expressions docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­parseoperator FTS, Geospatial docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­geo-point-to-geohash-function distributed search -> ADX acts as a distributed search engine
Time Series DBMS infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorer/­time-series-analysis
Document store
RDF store
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score4.71
Rank#69  Overall
#37  Relational DBMS
Score1.45
Rank#156  Overall
#15  Graph DBMS
Score4.38
Rank#77  Overall
#41  Relational DBMS
Score0.89
Rank#198  Overall
#92  Relational DBMS
Score0.17
Rank#325  Overall
#29  Graph DBMS
Websitedb.apache.org/­derbydgraph.ioazure.microsoft.com/­services/­data-explorerwww.3ds.com/­nuodb-distributed-sql-databaseterminusdb.com
Technical documentationdb.apache.org/­derby/­manuals/­index.htmldgraph.io/­docsdocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorerdoc.nuodb.comterminusdb.github.io/­terminusdb/­#
DeveloperApache Software FoundationDgraph Labs, Inc.MicrosoftDassault Systèmes infooriginally NuoDB, Inc.DataChemist Ltd.
Initial release19972016201920132018
Current release10.17.1.0, November 2023cloud service with continuous releases11.0.0, January 2023
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache version 2Open Source infoApache 2.0commercialcommercial infolimited edition freeOpen Source infoGPL V3
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonoyesnono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageJavaGoC++Prolog, Rust
Server operating systemsAll OS with a Java VMLinux
OS X
Windows
hostedhosted infoAmazon EC2, Windows Azure, SoftLayer
Linux
OS X
Windows
Linux
Data schemeyesschema-freeFixed schema with schema-less datatypes (dynamic)yesyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyes infobool, datetime, dynamic, guid, int, long, real, string, timespan, double: docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-typesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yesnoyesnono
Secondary indexesyesyesall fields are automatically indexedyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyesnoKusto Query Language (KQL), SQL subsetyesSQL-like query language (WOQL)
APIs and other access methodsJDBCGraphQL query language
gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
HTTP API
Microsoft SQL Server communication protocol (MS-TDS)
RESTful HTTP API
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
OWL
RESTful HTTP API
WOQL (Web Object Query Language)
Supported programming languagesJavaC#
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PowerShell
Python
R
.Net
C
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
JavaScript
Python
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresJava Stored ProceduresnoYes, possible languages: KQL, Python, RJava, SQLyes
Triggersyesnoyes infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­management/­updatepolicyyesyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnoneyesSharding infoImplicit feature of the cloud servicedata is dynamically stored/cached on the nodes where it is read/writtenGraph Partitioning
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesSource-replica replicationSynchronous replication via Raftyes infoImplicit feature of the cloud service. Replication either local, cross-facility or geo-redundant.yes infoManaged transparently by NuoDBJournaling Streams
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonoSpark connector (open source): github.com/­Azure/­azure-kusto-sparknono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesnonoyesyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDnoACID infotunable commit protocolACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes infoMVCCyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes infoin-memory journaling
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yesnoyes infoTemporary table
User concepts infoAccess controlfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardno infoPlanned for future releasesAzure Active Directory AuthenticationStandard SQL roles/ privileges, Administrative UsersRole-based access control

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More resources
Derby infooften called Apache Derby, originally IBM Cloudscape; contained in the Java SDK as JavaDBDgraphMicrosoft Azure Data ExplorerNuoDBTerminusDB infoformer name was DataChemist
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