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DBMS > Derby vs. Dgraph vs. HEAVY.AI vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. TerminusDB

System Properties Comparison Derby vs. Dgraph vs. HEAVY.AI vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. TerminusDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameDerby infooften called Apache Derby, originally IBM Cloudscape; contained in the Java SDK as JavaDB  Xexclude from comparisonDgraph  Xexclude from comparisonHEAVY.AI infoFormerly named 'OmniSci', rebranded to 'HEAVY.AI' in March 2022  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Data Explorer  Xexclude from comparisonTerminusDB infoformer name was DataChemist  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionFull-featured RDBMS with a small footprint, either embedded into a Java application or used as a database server.Distributed and scalable native Graph DBMSA high performance, column-oriented RDBMS, specifically developed to harness the massive parallelism of modern CPU and GPU hardwareFully managed big data interactive analytics platformScalable Graph Database platform making enterprise data available by exploiting inferred entities and relationships
Primary database modelRelational DBMSGraph DBMSRelational DBMSRelational DBMS infocolumn orientedGraph DBMS
Secondary database modelsSpatial DBMSDocument store infoIf a column is of type dynamic docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-types/­dynamic then it's possible to add arbitrary JSON documents in this cell
Event Store infothis is the general usage pattern at Microsoft. Billing, Logs, Telemetry events are stored in ADX and the state of an individual entity is defined by the arg_max(timestamps)
Spatial DBMS
Search engine infosupport for complex search expressions docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­parseoperator FTS, Geospatial docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­geo-point-to-geohash-function distributed search -> ADX acts as a distributed search engine
Time Series DBMS infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorer/­time-series-analysis
Document store
RDF store
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score4.71
Rank#69  Overall
#37  Relational DBMS
Score1.45
Rank#156  Overall
#15  Graph DBMS
Score1.77
Rank#141  Overall
#65  Relational DBMS
Score4.38
Rank#77  Overall
#41  Relational DBMS
Score0.17
Rank#325  Overall
#29  Graph DBMS
Websitedb.apache.org/­derbydgraph.iogithub.com/­heavyai/­heavydb
www.heavy.ai
azure.microsoft.com/­services/­data-explorerterminusdb.com
Technical documentationdb.apache.org/­derby/­manuals/­index.htmldgraph.io/­docsdocs.heavy.aidocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorerterminusdb.github.io/­terminusdb/­#
DeveloperApache Software FoundationDgraph Labs, Inc.HEAVY.AI, Inc.MicrosoftDataChemist Ltd.
Initial release19972016201620192018
Current release10.17.1.0, November 20235.10, January 2022cloud service with continuous releases11.0.0, January 2023
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache version 2Open Source infoApache 2.0Open Source infoApache Version 2; enterprise edition availablecommercialOpen Source infoGPL V3
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenononoyesno
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageJavaGoC++ and CUDAProlog, Rust
Server operating systemsAll OS with a Java VMLinux
OS X
Windows
LinuxhostedLinux
Data schemeyesschema-freeyesFixed schema with schema-less datatypes (dynamic)yes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyes infobool, datetime, dynamic, guid, int, long, real, string, timespan, double: docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-typesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yesnonoyesno
Secondary indexesyesyesnoall fields are automatically indexed
SQL infoSupport of SQLyesnoyesKusto Query Language (KQL), SQL subsetSQL-like query language (WOQL)
APIs and other access methodsJDBCGraphQL query language
gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
HTTP API
JDBC
ODBC
Thrift
Vega
Microsoft SQL Server communication protocol (MS-TDS)
RESTful HTTP API
OWL
RESTful HTTP API
WOQL (Web Object Query Language)
Supported programming languagesJavaC#
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
All languages supporting JDBC/ODBC/Thrift
Python
.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PowerShell
Python
R
JavaScript
Python
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresJava Stored ProceduresnonoYes, possible languages: KQL, Python, Ryes
Triggersyesnonoyes infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­management/­updatepolicyyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnoneyesSharding infoRound robinSharding infoImplicit feature of the cloud serviceGraph Partitioning
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesSource-replica replicationSynchronous replication via RaftMulti-source replicationyes infoImplicit feature of the cloud service. Replication either local, cross-facility or geo-redundant.Journaling Streams
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnononoSpark connector (open source): github.com/­Azure/­azure-kusto-sparkno
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesnononoyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDnonoACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes infoin-memory journaling
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yesyesno
User concepts infoAccess controlfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardno infoPlanned for future releasesfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardAzure Active Directory AuthenticationRole-based access control

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More resources
Derby infooften called Apache Derby, originally IBM Cloudscape; contained in the Java SDK as JavaDBDgraphHEAVY.AI infoFormerly named 'OmniSci', rebranded to 'HEAVY.AI' in March 2022Microsoft Azure Data ExplorerTerminusDB infoformer name was DataChemist
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