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DBMS > Datomic vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. NSDb vs. Oracle Rdb vs. SpatiaLite

System Properties Comparison Datomic vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. NSDb vs. Oracle Rdb vs. SpatiaLite

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameDatomic  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Data Explorer  Xexclude from comparisonNSDb  Xexclude from comparisonOracle Rdb  Xexclude from comparisonSpatiaLite  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionDatomic builds on immutable values, supports point-in-time queries and uses 3rd party systems for durabilityFully managed big data interactive analytics platformScalable, High-performance Time Series DBMS designed for Real-time Analytics on top of KubernetesSpatial extension of SQLite
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMS infocolumn orientedTime Series DBMSRelational DBMSSpatial DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument store infoIf a column is of type dynamic docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-types/­dynamic then it's possible to add arbitrary JSON documents in this cell
Event Store infothis is the general usage pattern at Microsoft. Billing, Logs, Telemetry events are stored in ADX and the state of an individual entity is defined by the arg_max(timestamps)
Spatial DBMS
Search engine infosupport for complex search expressions docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­parseoperator FTS, Geospatial docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­geo-point-to-geohash-function distributed search -> ADX acts as a distributed search engine
Time Series DBMS infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorer/­time-series-analysis
Relational DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score1.66
Rank#144  Overall
#66  Relational DBMS
Score3.80
Rank#81  Overall
#43  Relational DBMS
Score0.08
Rank#369  Overall
#40  Time Series DBMS
Score1.14
Rank#178  Overall
#80  Relational DBMS
Score1.63
Rank#146  Overall
#3  Spatial DBMS
Websitewww.datomic.comazure.microsoft.com/­services/­data-explorernsdb.iowww.oracle.com/­database/­technologies/­related/­rdb.htmlwww.gaia-gis.it/­fossil/­libspatialite/­index
Technical documentationdocs.datomic.comdocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorernsdb.io/­Architecturewww.oracle.com/­database/­technologies/­related/­rdb-doc.htmlwww.gaia-gis.it/­gaia-sins/­spatialite_topics.html
DeveloperCognitectMicrosoftOracle, originally developed by Digital Equipment Corporation (DEC)Alessandro Furieri
Initial release20122019201719842008
Current release1.0.7075, December 2023cloud service with continuous releases7.4.1.1, 20215.0.0, August 2020
License infoCommercial or Open Sourcecommercial infolimited edition freecommercialOpen Source infoApache Version 2.0commercialOpen Source infoMPL 1.1, GPL v2.0 or LGPL v2.1
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenoyesnonono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageJava, ClojureJava, ScalaC++
Server operating systemsAll OS with a Java VMhostedLinux
macOS
HP Open VMSserver-less
Data schemeyesFixed schema with schema-less datatypes (dynamic)Flexible Schema (defined schema, partial schema, schema free)yes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyes infobool, datetime, dynamic, guid, int, long, real, string, timespan, double: docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-typesyes: int, bigint, decimal, stringyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.noyesnonono
Secondary indexesyesall fields are automatically indexedall fields are automatically indexedyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLnoKusto Query Language (KQL), SQL subsetSQL-like query languageyesyes
APIs and other access methodsRESTful HTTP APIMicrosoft SQL Server communication protocol (MS-TDS)
RESTful HTTP API
gRPC
HTTP REST
WebSocket
Supported programming languagesClojure
Java
.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PowerShell
Python
R
Java
Scala
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyes infoTransaction FunctionsYes, possible languages: KQL, Python, Rnono
TriggersBy using transaction functionsyes infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­management/­updatepolicyyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnone infoBut extensive use of caching in the application peersSharding infoImplicit feature of the cloud serviceShardingnone
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesnone infoBut extensive use of caching in the application peersyes infoImplicit feature of the cloud service. Replication either local, cross-facility or geo-redundant.none
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnoSpark connector (open source): github.com/­Azure/­azure-kusto-sparknonono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Eventual ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynononoyesyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDnonoyes, on a single nodeACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyes infousing external storage systems (e.g. Cassandra, DynamoDB, PostgreSQL, Couchbase and others)yesUsing Apache Luceneyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yes inforecommended only for testing and developmentnonoyes
User concepts infoAccess controlnoAzure Active Directory Authenticationno

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More resources
DatomicMicrosoft Azure Data ExplorerNSDbOracle RdbSpatiaLite
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