DBMS > Datomic vs. Ingres vs. Stardog vs. VelocityDB

System Properties Comparison Datomic vs. Ingres vs. Stardog vs. VelocityDB

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Datomic builds on immutable values, supports point-in-time queries and uses 3rd party systems for durability

Well established RDBMS

Enterprise Knowledge Graph platform and graph DBMS with high availability, high performance reasoning, and virtualization

A .NET Object Database that can be embedded/distributed and extended to a graph data model (VelocityGraph)

Primary database model

Relational DBMS

Graph DBMS
RDF store

Graph DBMS
Object oriented DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	1.66
Rank	#144	Overall
	#66	Relational DBMS

Score	3.80
Rank	#82	Overall
	#44	Relational DBMS

Score	2.07
Rank	#122	Overall
	#11	Graph DBMS
	#6	RDF stores

Score	0.11
Rank	#354	Overall
	#37	Graph DBMS
	#15	Object oriented DBMS

Website

www.datomic.com

www.actian.com/databases/ingres

www.stardog.com

velocitydb.com

Technical documentation

docs.datomic.com

docs.actian.com/ingres

docs.stardog.com

velocitydb.com/UserGuide

Developer

Cognitect

Actian Corporation

Stardog-Union

VelocityDB Inc

Initial release

2012

1974

originally developed at University Berkely in early 1970s

2010

2011

Current release

1.0.6735, June 2023

11.2, May 2022

7.3.0, May 2020

7.x

License

Commercial or Open Source

commercial

limited edition free

commercial

60-day fully-featured trial license; 1-year fully-featured non-commercial use license for academics/students

commercial

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Implementation language

Java, Clojure

Java

Server operating systems

All OS with a Java VM

AIX
HP Open VMS
HP-UX
Linux
Solaris
Windows

Linux
macOS
Windows

Any that supports .NET

Data scheme

yes

schema-free and OWL/RDFS-schema support

yes

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

but tools for importing/exporting data from/to XML-files available

Import/export of XML data possible

Secondary indexes

yes

supports real-time indexing in full-text and geospatial

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

Yes, compatible with all major SQL variants through dedicated BI/SQL Server

APIs and other access methods

RESTful HTTP API

.NET Client API
JDBC
ODBC
proprietary protocol (OpenAPI)

GraphQL query language
HTTP API
Jena RDF API
OWL
RDF4J API
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SNARL
SPARQL
Spring Data
Stardog Studio
TinkerPop 3

.Net

Supported programming languages

Clojure
Java

.Net
Clojure
Groovy
Java
JavaScript
Python
Ruby

.Net

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

yes

Transaction Functions

yes

user defined functions and aggregates, HTTP Server extensions in Java

Triggers

By using transaction functions

yes

via event handlers

Callbacks are triggered when data changes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

none

But extensive use of caching in the application peers

horizontal partitioning

Ingres Star to access multiple databases simultaneously

none

Sharding

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

none

But extensive use of caching in the application peers

Ingres Replicator

Multi-source replication in HA-Cluster

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Immediate Consistency in HA-Cluster

Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

relationships in graphs

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

MVCC

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

using external storage systems (e.g. Cassandra, DynamoDB, PostgreSQL, Couchbase and others)

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

recommended only for testing and development

yes

User concepts

Access control

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

Access rights for users and roles

Based on Windows Authentication

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