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DBMS > Datomic vs. HyperSQL vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. Trafodion

System Properties Comparison Datomic vs. HyperSQL vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. Trafodion

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameDatomic  Xexclude from comparisonHyperSQL infoalso known as HSQLDB  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Data Explorer  Xexclude from comparisonTrafodion  Xexclude from comparison
Apache Trafodion has been retired in 2021. Therefore it is excluded from the DB-Engines Ranking.
DescriptionDatomic builds on immutable values, supports point-in-time queries and uses 3rd party systems for durabilityMultithreaded, transactional RDBMS written in Java infoalso known as HSQLDBFully managed big data interactive analytics platformTransactional SQL-on-Hadoop DBMS
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMSRelational DBMS infocolumn orientedRelational DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument store infoIf a column is of type dynamic docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-types/­dynamic then it's possible to add arbitrary JSON documents in this cell
Event Store infothis is the general usage pattern at Microsoft. Billing, Logs, Telemetry events are stored in ADX and the state of an individual entity is defined by the arg_max(timestamps)
Spatial DBMS
Search engine infosupport for complex search expressions docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­parseoperator FTS, Geospatial docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­geo-point-to-geohash-function distributed search -> ADX acts as a distributed search engine
Time Series DBMS infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorer/­time-series-analysis
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score1.59
Rank#150  Overall
#69  Relational DBMS
Score3.49
Rank#87  Overall
#47  Relational DBMS
Score4.38
Rank#77  Overall
#41  Relational DBMS
Websitewww.datomic.comhsqldb.orgazure.microsoft.com/­services/­data-explorertrafodion.apache.org
Technical documentationdocs.datomic.comhsqldb.org/­web/­hsqlDocsFrame.htmldocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorertrafodion.apache.org/­documentation.html
DeveloperCognitectMicrosoftApache Software Foundation, originally developed by HP
Initial release2012200120192014
Current release1.0.6735, June 20232.7.2, June 2023cloud service with continuous releases2.3.0, February 2019
License infoCommercial or Open Sourcecommercial infolimited edition freeOpen Source infobased on BSD licensecommercialOpen Source infoApache 2.0
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonoyesno
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageJava, ClojureJavaC++, Java
Server operating systemsAll OS with a Java VMAll OS with a Java VM infoEmbedded (into Java applications) and Client-Server operating modeshostedLinux
Data schemeyesyesFixed schema with schema-less datatypes (dynamic)yes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyes infobool, datetime, dynamic, guid, int, long, real, string, timespan, double: docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-typesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonoyesno
Secondary indexesyesyesall fields are automatically indexedyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLnoyesKusto Query Language (KQL), SQL subsetyes
APIs and other access methodsRESTful HTTP APIHTTP API infoJDBC via HTTP
JDBC
ODBC
Microsoft SQL Server communication protocol (MS-TDS)
RESTful HTTP API
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
Supported programming languagesClojure
Java
All languages supporting JDBC/ODBC
Java
.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PowerShell
Python
R
All languages supporting JDBC/ODBC/ADO.Net
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyes infoTransaction FunctionsJava, SQLYes, possible languages: KQL, Python, RJava Stored Procedures
TriggersBy using transaction functionsyesyes infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­management/­updatepolicyno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnone infoBut extensive use of caching in the application peersnoneSharding infoImplicit feature of the cloud serviceSharding
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesnone infoBut extensive use of caching in the application peersnoneyes infoImplicit feature of the cloud service. Replication either local, cross-facility or geo-redundant.yes, via HBase
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonoSpark connector (open source): github.com/­Azure/­azure-kusto-sparkyes infovia user defined functions and HBase
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynoyesnoyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDnoACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyes infousing external storage systems (e.g. Cassandra, DynamoDB, PostgreSQL, Couchbase and others)yesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yes inforecommended only for testing and developmentyesnono
User concepts infoAccess controlnofine grained access rights according to SQL-standardAzure Active Directory Authenticationfine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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DatomicHyperSQL infoalso known as HSQLDBMicrosoft Azure Data ExplorerTrafodion
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