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DBMS > Datomic vs. HyperSQL vs. Kyligence Enterprise vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer

System Properties Comparison Datomic vs. HyperSQL vs. Kyligence Enterprise vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameDatomic  Xexclude from comparisonHyperSQL infoalso known as HSQLDB  Xexclude from comparisonKyligence Enterprise  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Data Explorer  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionDatomic builds on immutable values, supports point-in-time queries and uses 3rd party systems for durabilityMultithreaded, transactional RDBMS written in Java infoalso known as HSQLDBA distributed analytics engine for big data, built on top of Apache KylinFully managed big data interactive analytics platform
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMSRelational DBMSRelational DBMS infocolumn oriented
Secondary database modelsDocument store infoIf a column is of type dynamic docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-types/­dynamic then it's possible to add arbitrary JSON documents in this cell
Event Store infothis is the general usage pattern at Microsoft. Billing, Logs, Telemetry events are stored in ADX and the state of an individual entity is defined by the arg_max(timestamps)
Spatial DBMS
Search engine infosupport for complex search expressions docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­parseoperator FTS, Geospatial docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­geo-point-to-geohash-function distributed search -> ADX acts as a distributed search engine
Time Series DBMS infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorer/­time-series-analysis
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score1.59
Rank#150  Overall
#69  Relational DBMS
Score3.49
Rank#87  Overall
#47  Relational DBMS
Score0.40
Rank#269  Overall
#124  Relational DBMS
Score4.38
Rank#77  Overall
#41  Relational DBMS
Websitewww.datomic.comhsqldb.orgkyligence.io/­kyligence-enterpriseazure.microsoft.com/­services/­data-explorer
Technical documentationdocs.datomic.comhsqldb.org/­web/­hsqlDocsFrame.htmldocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorer
DeveloperCognitectKyligence, Inc.Microsoft
Initial release2012200120162019
Current release1.0.6735, June 20232.7.2, June 2023cloud service with continuous releases
License infoCommercial or Open Sourcecommercial infolimited edition freeOpen Source infobased on BSD licensecommercialcommercial
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenononoyes
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageJava, ClojureJavaJava
Server operating systemsAll OS with a Java VMAll OS with a Java VM infoEmbedded (into Java applications) and Client-Server operating modesLinuxhosted
Data schemeyesyesyesFixed schema with schema-less datatypes (dynamic)
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyes infobool, datetime, dynamic, guid, int, long, real, string, timespan, double: docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-types
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nononoyes
Secondary indexesyesyesyesall fields are automatically indexed
SQL infoSupport of SQLnoyesANSI SQL for queries (using Apache Calcite)Kusto Query Language (KQL), SQL subset
APIs and other access methodsRESTful HTTP APIHTTP API infoJDBC via HTTP
JDBC
ODBC
JDBC
ODBC
RESTful HTTP API
Microsoft SQL Server communication protocol (MS-TDS)
RESTful HTTP API
Supported programming languagesClojure
Java
All languages supporting JDBC/ODBC
Java
.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PowerShell
Python
R
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyes infoTransaction FunctionsJava, SQLYes, possible languages: KQL, Python, R
TriggersBy using transaction functionsyesyes infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­management/­updatepolicy
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnone infoBut extensive use of caching in the application peersnoneSharding infoImplicit feature of the cloud service
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesnone infoBut extensive use of caching in the application peersnoneyes infoImplicit feature of the cloud service. Replication either local, cross-facility or geo-redundant.
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonoyesSpark connector (open source): github.com/­Azure/­azure-kusto-spark
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynoyesno
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDno
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyes infousing external storage systems (e.g. Cassandra, DynamoDB, PostgreSQL, Couchbase and others)yesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yes inforecommended only for testing and developmentyesnono
User concepts infoAccess controlnofine grained access rights according to SQL-standardAzure Active Directory Authentication

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More resources
DatomicHyperSQL infoalso known as HSQLDBKyligence EnterpriseMicrosoft Azure Data Explorer
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