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DBMS > Datomic vs. HugeGraph vs. Lovefield vs. SurrealDB vs. Virtuoso

System Properties Comparison Datomic vs. HugeGraph vs. Lovefield vs. SurrealDB vs. Virtuoso

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameDatomic  Xexclude from comparisonHugeGraph  Xexclude from comparisonLovefield  Xexclude from comparisonSurrealDB  Xexclude from comparisonVirtuoso  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionDatomic builds on immutable values, supports point-in-time queries and uses 3rd party systems for durabilityA fast-speed and highly-scalable Graph DBMSEmbeddable relational database for web apps written in pure JavaScriptA fully ACID transactional, developer-friendly, multi-model DBMSVirtuoso is a multi-model hybrid-RDBMS that supports management of data represented as relational tables and/or property graphs
Primary database modelRelational DBMSGraph DBMSRelational DBMSDocument store
Graph DBMS
Document store
Graph DBMS
Native XML DBMS
Relational DBMS
RDF store
Search engine
Secondary database modelsSpatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score1.59
Rank#150  Overall
#69  Relational DBMS
Score0.13
Rank#336  Overall
#32  Graph DBMS
Score0.29
Rank#293  Overall
#133  Relational DBMS
Score0.86
Rank#203  Overall
#34  Document stores
#18  Graph DBMS
Score4.26
Rank#78  Overall
#13  Document stores
#4  Graph DBMS
#2  Native XML DBMS
#42  Relational DBMS
#2  RDF stores
#9  Search engines
Websitewww.datomic.comgithub.com/­hugegraph
hugegraph.apache.org
google.github.io/­lovefieldsurrealdb.comvirtuoso.openlinksw.com
Technical documentationdocs.datomic.comhugegraph.apache.org/­docsgithub.com/­google/­lovefield/­blob/­master/­docs/­spec_index.mdsurrealdb.com/­docsdocs.openlinksw.com/­virtuoso
DeveloperCognitectBaiduGoogleSurrealDB LtdOpenLink Software
Initial release20122018201420221998
Current release1.0.6735, June 20230.92.1.12, February 2017v1.5.0, May 20247.2.11, September 2023
License infoCommercial or Open Sourcecommercial infolimited edition freeOpen Source infoApache Version 2.0Open Source infoApache 2.0Open SourceOpen Source infoGPLv2, extended commercial license available
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageJava, ClojureJavaJavaScriptRustC
Server operating systemsAll OS with a Java VMLinux
macOS
Unix
server-less, requires a JavaScript environment (browser, Node.js) infotested with Chrome, Firefox, IE, SafariLinux
macOS
Windows
AIX
FreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows
Data schemeyesyesyesschema-freeyes infoSQL - Standard relational schema
RDF - Quad (S, P, O, G) or Triple (S, P, O)
XML - DTD, XML Schema
DAV - freeform filesystem objects, plus User Defined Types a/k/a Dynamic Extension Type
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nononoyes
Secondary indexesyesyes infoalso supports composite index and range indexyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLnonoSQL-like query language infovia JavaScript builder patternSQL-like query languageyes infoSQL-92, SQL-200x, SQL-3, SQLX
APIs and other access methodsRESTful HTTP APIJava API
RESTful HTTP API
TinkerPop Gremlin
GraphQL
RESTful HTTP API
WebSocket
ADO.NET
GeoSPARQL
HTTP API
JDBC
Jena RDF API
ODBC
OLE DB
RDF4J API
RESTful HTTP API
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SOAP webservices
SPARQL 1.1
WebDAV
XPath
XQuery
XSLT
Supported programming languagesClojure
Java
Groovy
Java
Python
JavaScriptDeno
Go
JavaScript (Node.js)
Rust
.Net
C
C#
C++
Java
JavaScript
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Visual Basic
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyes infoTransaction Functionsasynchronous Gremlin script jobsnoyes infoVirtuoso PL
TriggersBy using transaction functionsnoUsing read-only observersyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnone infoBut extensive use of caching in the application peersyes infodepending on used storage backend, e.g. Cassandra and HBasenoneyes
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesnone infoBut extensive use of caching in the application peersyes infodepending on used storage backend, e.g. Cassandra and HBasenoneChain, star, and bi-directional replication
Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnovia hugegraph-sparknonoyes
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyEventual ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynoyes infoedges in graphyesyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDACIDACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyes infousing external storage systems (e.g. Cassandra, DynamoDB, PostgreSQL, Couchbase and others)yesyes, by using IndexedDB or the cloud service Firebase Realtime Databaseyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yes inforecommended only for testing and developmentyesyes infousing MemoryDByes
User concepts infoAccess controlnoUsers, roles and permissionsnoyes, based on authentication and database rulesFine-grained Attribute-Based Access Control (ABAC) in addition to typical coarse-grained Role-Based Access Control (RBAC) according to SQL-standard. Pluggable authentication with supported standards (LDAP, Active Directory, Kerberos)
More information provided by the system vendor
DatomicHugeGraphLovefieldSurrealDBVirtuoso
Specific characteristicsVirtuoso is a modern multi-model RDBMS for managing data represented as tabular relations...
» more
Competitive advantagesPerformance & Scale — as exemplified by DBpedia and the LOD Cloud it spawned, i.e.,...
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Typical application scenariosUsed for — Analytics/BI Conceptual Data Virtualization Enterprise Knowledge Graphs...
» more
Key customersBroad use across enterprises and governments including — European Union (EU) US Government...
» more
Market metricsLargest installed-base ​of Multi-Model RDBMS for AI-friendly Knowledge Graphs Platform...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsAvailable in both Commercial Enterprise and Open Source (GPL v2) Editions Feature...
» more

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More resources
DatomicHugeGraphLovefieldSurrealDBVirtuoso
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