DBMS > Datomic vs. Google Cloud Datastore vs. GraphDB vs. Kinetica vs. SAP HANA

System Properties Comparison Datomic vs. Google Cloud Datastore vs. GraphDB vs. Kinetica vs. SAP HANA

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Datomic builds on immutable values, supports point-in-time queries and uses 3rd party systems for durability

Automatically scaling NoSQL Database as a Service (DBaaS) on the Google Cloud Platform

Enterprise-ready RDF and graph database with efficient reasoning, cluster and external index synchronization support. It supports also SQL JDBC access to Knowledge Graph and GraphQL over SPARQL.

Fully vectorized database across both GPUs and CPUs

In-memory, column based data store. Available as appliance or cloud service

Primary database model

Secondary database models

Spatial DBMS
Time Series DBMS

Document store
Graph DBMS

with SAP Hana, Enterprise Edition
Spatial DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	1.66
Rank	#144	Overall
	#66	Relational DBMS

Score	4.36
Rank	#72	Overall
	#12	Document stores

Score	3.25
Rank	#91	Overall
	#7	Graph DBMS
	#4	RDF stores

Score	0.66
Rank	#234	Overall
	#107	Relational DBMS

Score	44.27
Rank	#23	Overall
	#16	Relational DBMS

Website

www.datomic.com

cloud.google.com/datastore

www.ontotext.com

www.kinetica.com

www.sap.com/products/hana.html

Technical documentation

docs.datomic.com

cloud.google.com/datastore/docs

graphdb.ontotext.com/documentation

docs.kinetica.com

help.sap.com/hana

Social network pages

Developer

Cognitect

Google

Ontotext

Kinetica

SAP

Initial release

2012

2008

2000

2012

2010

Current release

1.0.7075, December 2023

10.4, October 2023

7.1, August 2021

2.0 SPS07 (April 4, 2023), April 2023

License

Commercial or Open Source

commercial

limited edition free

commercial

Some plugins of GraphDB Workbench are open sourced

commercial

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

yes

also available as a cloud based service

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Implementation language

Java, Clojure

Java

C, C++

Server operating systems

All OS with a Java VM

hosted

All OS with a Java VM
Linux
OS X
Windows

Linux

Appliance or cloud-service

Data scheme

yes

schema-free

schema-free and OWL/RDFS-schema support; RDF shapes

yes

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

yes, details here

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

Secondary indexes

yes

yes, supports real-time synchronization and indexing in SOLR/Elastic search/Lucene and GeoSPARQL geometry data indexes

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

SQL-like query language (GQL)

stored SPARQL accessed as SQL using Apache Calcite through JDBC/ODBC

SQL-like DML and DDL statements

yes

APIs and other access methods

RESTful HTTP API

gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
RESTful HTTP/JSON API

GeoSPARQL
GraphQL
GraphQL Federation
Java API
JDBC
RDF4J API
RDFS
RIO
Sail API
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SPARQL 1.1

JDBC
ODBC
RESTful HTTP API

JDBC
ODBC

Supported programming languages

Clojure
Java

.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby

.Net
C#
Clojure
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala

C++
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

yes

Transaction Functions

using Google App Engine

well-defined plugin interfaces; JavaScript server-side extensibility

user defined functions

SQLScript, R

Triggers

By using transaction functions

Callbacks using the Google Apps Engine

yes

triggers when inserted values for one or more columns fall within a specified range

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

none

But extensive use of caching in the application peers

Sharding

none

Sharding

yes

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

none

But extensive use of caching in the application peers

Multi-source replication using Paxos

Multi-source replication

Source-replica replication

yes

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

yes

using Google Cloud Dataflow

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Immediate Consistency or Eventual Consistency depending on type of query and configuration

Strong Consistency is default for entity lookups and queries within an Entity Group (but can instead be made eventually consistent). Other queries are always eventual consistent.

Immediate Consistency, Eventual consistency (configurable in cluster mode per master or individual client request)

Immediate Consistency or Eventual Consistency depending on configuration

Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

via ReferenceProperties or Ancestor paths

yes

Constraint checking

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

Serializable Isolation within Transactions, Read Committed outside of Transactions

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

using external storage systems (e.g. Cassandra, DynamoDB, PostgreSQL, Couchbase and others)

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

recommended only for testing and development

yes

GPU vRAM or System RAM

yes

User concepts

Access control

Access rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management (IAM)

Default Basic authentication through RDF4J client, or via Java when run with cURL, default token-based in the Workbench or via Rest API, optional access through OpenID or Kerberos single sign-on.

Access rights for users and roles on table level

yes

More information provided by the system vendor

Specific characteristics

Ontotext GraphDB is a semantic database engine that allows organizations to build...
» more

Competitive advantages

GraphDB allows you to link text and data in big knowledge graphs. It’s easy to experiment...
» more

Typical application scenarios

Metadata enrichment and management, linked data publishing, semantic inferencing...
» more

Key customers

GraphDB provides a platform for building next-generation AI and Knowledge Graph...
» more

Market metrics

GraphDB is the most utilized semantic triplestore for mission-critical enterprise...
» more

Licensing and pricing models

GraphDB Free is a non-commercial version and is free to use. GraphDB Enterprise edition...
» more

News

Riding the Databricks Wave with Hybrid Knowledge Graphs
6 June 2024

Matching Skills and Candidates with Graph RAG
31 May 2024

A Triple Store RAG Retriever
29 May 2024

Integrating GraphDB with Relational Database Systems
23 May 2024

Understanding the Graph Center of Excellence
17 May 2024

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and for displaying vendor-provided information such as key customers, competitive advantages and market metrics.